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Lukács, György

(Encyclopedia) Lukács, GyörgyLukács, Györgydyörˈdyə l&oomacr;ˈkäch [key], 1885–1971, Hungarian writer, one of the foremost modern literary critics. Converted to Communism in 1918, Lukács served (…

Maazel, Lorin Varencove

(Encyclopedia) Maazel, Lorin Varencove, 1930–2014, American conductor, b. Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. A musical prodigy, he spent his childhood in Los Angeles, where he made his conducting debut at…

Hollein, Hans

(Encyclopedia) Hollein, Hans, 1934–2014, Austrian architect and designer. He studied with Mies van der Rohe, Frank Lloyd Wright, and Richard Neutra. Opening his own practice in 1964, he established…

Ribbentrop, Joachim von

(Encyclopedia) Ribbentrop, Joachim vonRibbentrop, Joachim vonyōˈaäkhĭm fən rĭbˈəntrôp [key], 1893–1946, German foreign minister (1938–45). After World War I he became a wealthy champagne merchant. He…

Euler, Leonhard

(Encyclopedia) Euler, LeonhardEuler, Leonhardlāˈônhärt oiˈlər [key], 1707–83, Swiss mathematician. Born and educated at Basel, where he knew the Bernoullis, he went to St. Petersburg (1727) at the…

Fontane, Theodor

(Encyclopedia) Fontane, TheodorFontane, Theodortāˈōdôr fôntäˈnə [key], 1819–98, German writer. Although he is primarily important as a novelist, he did not begin to write fiction until he was almost…

Friedrich, Caspar David

(Encyclopedia) Friedrich, Caspar DavidFriedrich, Caspar Davidkäsˈpär däˈfēt frēˈdrĭkh [key], 1774–1840, German romantic landscape painter. After studying painting in Copenhagen he visited various…

Gaddi, family of Florentine artists

(Encyclopedia) GaddiGaddigädˈdē [key], celebrated family of Florentine artists. Gaddo Gaddi, c.1260–c.1333, painter and mosaicist, is said by Vasari to have been associated with Cimabue and Giotto.…

Gorchakov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich, Prince

(Encyclopedia) Gorchakov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich, PrinceGorchakov, Aleksandr Mikhailovich, Princeəlyĭksänˈdər mēkhīˈləvĭch, gərchəkôfˈ [key], 1798–1883, Russian diplomat. After serving (1854–56) as…

Grosz, George

(Encyclopedia) Grosz, GeorgeGrosz, Georgegrōs [key], 1893–1959, German-American caricaturist, draughtsman, and painter, b. Berlin. Before and during World War I he contributed drawings on proletarian…