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left

(Encyclopedia) left, in politics, the more radically progressive wing in any legislative body or party. The designation apparently originated in the French National Assembly of 1789, where the…

Spottiswoode, John

(Encyclopedia) Spottiswoode, JohnSpottiswoode, Johnspŏtˈĭsw&oobreve;d [key], 1565–1639, Scottish prelate and church historian. Under James and Andrew Melville he studied for the ministry but…

Galloway, Joseph

(Encyclopedia) Galloway, JosephGalloway, Josephgălˈəwāˌ [key], c.1731–1803, American Loyalist leader, b. West River, Md. Galloway was a prominent lawyer with an interest in commerce and in…

Briggs, Charles Augustus

(Encyclopedia) Briggs, Charles Augustus, 1841–1913, American clergyman, theologian, and educator, b. New York City, studied at the Univ. of Virginia, Union Theological Seminary, and the Univ. of…

Cavaignac, Louis Eugène

(Encyclopedia) Cavaignac, Louis EugèneCavaignac, Louis Eugènelwē özhĕnˈ kävānyäkˈ [key], 1802–57, French general. He participated in the French conquest of Algeria and was promoted to general in 1844…

Ross, George

(Encyclopedia) Ross, George, 1730–79, political leader in the American Revolution, signer of the Declaration of Independence, b. New Castle, Del. He was a lawyer in Lancaster, Pa., and a member of…

Jessup, Philip Caryl

(Encyclopedia) Jessup, Philip Caryl, 1897–1986, American authority on international law, b. New York City, grad. Hamilton College, 1919, LL.B. Yale, 1924, Ph.D. Columbia, 1927. He was admitted (1925…

McGuinness, Martin

(Encyclopedia) McGuinness, Martin (James Martin Pacelli McGuinness), 1950–2017, Northern Irish political leader, b. Derry. He joined the Irish Republican Army (IRA) as a young man and was active in…

Artigas, José Gervasio

(Encyclopedia) Artigas, José GervasioArtigas, José Gervasiohōsāˈ hārväˈsyō ärtēˈgäs [key], 1764–1850, national hero of Uruguay, first leader in the movement toward independence. He came from the…