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waxwing

(Encyclopedia) waxwing, any of three species of perching songbirds of the Northern Hemisphere. Waxwings have crests (raised only in alarm) and sleek brownish-gray plumage with flecks of red pigment…

Tchernaiev, Mikhail Grigoryevich

(Encyclopedia) Tchernaiev or Chernyaiev, Mikhail GrigoryevichTchernaiev or Chernyaiev, Mikhail Grigoryevichmēkhəyēlˈ grĭgôrˈyəvĭch chĭrnyīˈəf [key], 1828–98, Russian general and Pan-Slavist. Sent on…

Shanghai Cooperation Organization

(Encyclopedia) Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), association of Eurasian nations founded 2001 in Shanghai by China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Under the…

Pergamum

(Encyclopedia) PergamumPergamumpûrˈgəməm [key], ancient city of NW Asia Minor, in Mysia (modern Turkey), in the fertile valley of the Caicus. It became important c.300 b.c., after the breakup of the…

Lattimore, Owen

(Encyclopedia) Lattimore, Owen, 1900–1989, American author and educator, b. Washington, D.C. He was educated (1915–19) at St. Bees School, Cumberland, England, and did graduate research (1928–29) at…

pipe smoking

(Encyclopedia) pipe smoking. The habit of smoking various substances probably arose independently in different parts of the world. Herodotus in the 5th cent. b.c. describes the Scythians as inhaling…

Amur

(Encyclopedia) AmurAmuräm&oobreve;rˈ [key], Chin. Heilongjiang, river, c.1,800 mi (2,900 km) long, formed by the confluence of the Shilka and Argun rivers, NE Asia, at the Russian-Chinese border…

Japan Current

(Encyclopedia) Japan Current or KuroshioKuroshiok&oobreve;rōshēˈō [key][Jap.,=black stream], warm ocean current of the Pacific Ocean, off E Asia. A northward flowing branch of the North…

East India Company, Dutch

(Encyclopedia) East India Company, Dutch, 1602–1798, chartered by the States-General of the Netherlands to expand trade and assure close relations between the government and its colonial enterprises…

Tavernier, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Tavernier, Jean BaptisteTavernier, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ tävĕrnyāˈ [key], 1605–89, French traveler in Asia. He undertook six voyages, which took him as far as the East Indies and…