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motivation

(Encyclopedia) motivation, in psychology, the intention of achieving a goal, leading to goal-directed behavior. Some human activity seems to be best explained by postulating an inner directing drive…

Mello, Craig Cameron

(Encyclopedia) Mello, Craig Cameron, 1960–, American geneticist, b. New Haven, Conn., Ph.D. Harvard, 1990. Mello has been on the faculty at the Univ. of Massachusetts since 1994. In 2006 Mello and…

Krogh, Schack August Steenberg

(Encyclopedia) Krogh, Schack August SteenbergKrogh, Schack August Steenbergshäk ouˈg&oobreve;st stānˈbĕrg krôkh [key], 1874–1949, Danish physiologist. He taught at the Univ. of Copenhagen (1916–…

Bridges, Calvin Blackman

(Encyclopedia) Bridges, Calvin Blackman, 1889–1938, American geneticist, b. Schuyler Falls, N.Y., grad. Columbia (B.S., 1912; Ph.D., 1916). In his research he collaborated with T. H. Morgan, A. H.…

Bekesy, Georg von

(Encyclopedia) Bekesy, Georg vonBekesy, Georg vongāˈôrk fən bĕkˈĭshē [key], 1899–1972, American biophysicist, b. Budapest, Hungary, grad. Univ. of Budapest (Ph.D. 1923). He was (1923–46) a physicist…

calculator

(Encyclopedia) calculator or calculating machine, device for performing numerical computations; it may be mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic. The electronic computer is also a calculator…

Adrian, Edgar Douglas Adrian, Baron

(Encyclopedia) Adrian, Edgar Douglas Adrian, Baron, 1889–1977, English physiologist, M.D. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1915. He was research professor (1929–37) of the Royal Society and professor of…

body temperature

(Encyclopedia) body temperature, internal temperature of a living organism. Mammals and birds are termed warm-blooded, or homeothermic, i.e., they are able to maintain a relatively constant inner…

Semyonov, Nikolay Nikolayevich

(Encyclopedia) Semyonov, Nikolay Nikolayevich, or Nikolai Nikolaevic Semenov, 1896–1986, Soviet physical chemist, Ph.D. Petrograd Univ., 1917. Semyonov was a professor at the Leningrad Physico-…