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Roxana

(Encyclopedia) RoxanaRoxanarŏksănˈə [key] or RoxaneRoxana–sănˈē [key], d. 311 b.c., wife of Alexander the Great. She was the daughter of Oxyartes, a Bactrian baron, and Alexander married her (327) to…

Speranski, Mikhail Mikhailovich

(Encyclopedia) Speranski, Mikhail MikhailovichSperanski, Mikhail Mikhailovichmēkhəyēlˈ mēkhīˈləvĭch spyĭränˈskē [key], 1772–1839, Russian public official, chief adviser to Czar Alexander I (1808–12…

Shenouda III

(Encyclopedia) Shenouda III, 1923–2012, pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church (see Copts), 1971–2012; successor of Cyril VI. Born Nazeer Gayed, he attended Cairo Univ. (B.A. 1947) and the Coptic…

Holy Alliance

(Encyclopedia) Holy Alliance, 1815, agreement among the emperors of Russia and Austria and the king of Prussia, signed on Sept. 26. It was quite distinct from the Quadruple Alliance (Quintuple, after…

Notre-Dame de Paris

(Encyclopedia) Notre-Dame de ParisNotre-Dame de Parisnôˈtrə-däm də pärēˈ [key] [Fr.,=Our Lady of Paris], cathedral church of Paris, a noble achievement of early Gothic architecture in France. It…

Manuel I, Byzantine emperor

(Encyclopedia) Manuel I (Manuel Comnenus)Manuel Ikŏmnēˈnəs [key], c.1120–1180, Byzantine emperor (1143–80), son and successor of John II. He began his reign with a war against the Seljuk Turks, the…

Britain: Rulers

See the list of Rulers of England and Great Britain. See the list of British Prime Ministers.Rulers of ScotlandKenneth I, traditional founder of the kingdom of Scotland (c. 843–858)Kenneth…

Alexander of Aphrodisias

(Encyclopedia) Alexander of AphrodisiasAlexander of Aphrodisiasăfrōdĭshˈēəs [key], fl. a.d. 200, Greek Peripatetic philosopher. A celebrated ancient commentator on Aristotle, he was often called the…

Brewer's: Two

The evil principle of Pythagoras. Accordingly the second day of the second month of the year was sacred to Pluto, and was esteemed unlucky. Two an unlucky number in our dynasties. Witness…