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Carver, George Washington

(Encyclopedia) Carver, George Washington, 1864?–1943, American agricultural chemist, b. Diamond, Mo., grad. Iowa State College (now Iowa State Univ.; B.S., 1894; M.A. 1896). Born a slave, he later,…

Rogovin, Milton

(Encyclopedia) Rogovin, Milton, 1909–2011, American documentary photographer, b. New York City, grad. Columbia (1931), Univ. of Buffalo (M.A., 1972). An optometrist and a political leftist, he moved…

Fourteenth Amendment

(Encyclopedia) Fourteenth Amendment, addition to the U.S. Constitution, adopted 1868. The amendment comprises five sections. Section 2 provides for apportionment of membership in the House of…

Bearden, Romare

(Encyclopedia) Bearden, RomareBearden, Romarerōmâr bĭrˈdən [key], 1911–88, American painter and collagist, b. Charlotte, N.C. Bearden grew up in Harlem and studied at New York Univ. and the Art…

Norman, Jessye

(Encyclopedia) Norman, Jessye, 1945–2019, American soprano, b. Augusta, Ga., studied Howard Univ. (B.A., 1967), Univ. of Michigan, and Peabody Conservatory. Making her early reputation in Europe,…

Juneteenth

(Encyclopedia) Juneteenth or Emancipation Day, June 19th, holiday celebrating the end of slavery in the United States. It began in Texas when news of Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation (effective…

Black English

(Encyclopedia) Black English, distinctive dialect spoken at times by as many as 80% to 90% of African Americans; also called ebonics [from ebony and phonics]. Long considered merely substandard…