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Semper, Gottfried

(Encyclopedia) Semper, GottfriedSemper, Gottfriedgôtˈfrēt zĕmˈpər [key], 1803–79, German architect. Semper was among the most influential architects of the 19th cent. In his book Der Stil in den…

overture

(Encyclopedia) overture, instrumental musical composition written as an introduction to an opera, ballet, oratorio, musical, or play. The earliest Italian opera overtures were simply pieces of…

bassoon

(Encyclopedia) bassoonbassoonbăs&oomacr;nˈ [key], double-reed woodwind instrument that plays in the bass and tenor registers. Its 8-ft (2.4-m) conical tube is bent double, the instrument thus…

arts and crafts

(Encyclopedia) arts and crafts, term for that general field of applied design in which hand fabrication is dominant. The term was coined in England in the late 19th cent. as a label for the then-…

South Shetland Islands

(Encyclopedia) South Shetland Islands, barren, snow-covered archipelago off N Antarctic Peninsula, W Antarctica; Livingston and King George islands are the largest. The South Shetlands were bases for…

arrack

(Encyclopedia) arrackarrackârˈək [key], strong spirits distilled chiefly in Asia from fermented fruits, grains, or sugarcane. In the 19th cent., Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) became quite noted for palm…

Paul, Alice

(Encyclopedia) Paul, Alice, 1885–1977, American feminist, b. Moorestown, N.J. She helped found the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (1913), which became the National Woman's party (1917). After…

Pazardzhik

(Encyclopedia) PazardzhikPazardzhikpäzärjĭkˈ [key], city (1993 pop. 82,904), S central Bulgaria, on the Maritsa River. A commercial center, its chief industries are textiles and food processing.…

Eden, Emily

(Encyclopedia) Eden, Emily, 1797–1869, English novelist. She went with her brother George, Lord Auckland, to India when he was governor-general (1836–42). Her two novels, The Semi-detached House (…

fife, in music

(Encyclopedia) fife, small transverse flute with six to eight finger holes adopted for military music by Swiss regiments serving in France in the late 15th cent. The fife was used in the British army…