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Ridley, Nicholas

(Encyclopedia) Ridley, Nicholas, c.1500–1555, English prelate, reformer, and Protestant martyr. In 1534, while a proctor of Cambridge, he signed the decree against the pope's supremacy in England. In…

Sebastian

(Encyclopedia) Sebastian, 1554–78, king of Portugal (1557–78), grandson and successor of John III. He was under the regency first of his grandmother (until 1562) and then of his uncle Henry (a…

Francis Borgia, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Francis Borgia, SaintFrancis Borgia, Saintbôrˈjə [key], 1510–72, Spanish Roman Catholic reformer, third general of the Jesuits (see Jesus, Society of). He was a member of the famous…

tulip

(Encyclopedia) tulip [Pers.,=turban], any plant of the large genus Tulipa, hardy, bulbous-rooted members of the family Liliaceae (lily family), indigenous to north temperate regions of the Old World…

Scilly Islands

(Encyclopedia) Scilly IslandsScilly Islandssĭlˈē [key], officially Isles of Scilly, archipelago and unitary authority (2001 pop. 2,153), encompassing more than 150 isles and rocky islets, off…

orientation

(Encyclopedia) orientation, in architecture, the disposition of the parts of a building with reference to the points of the compass. From remote antiquity the traditional belief in the efficacy of…

Mercator, Gerardus

(Encyclopedia) Mercator, GerardusMercator, Gerardusjərärˈdəs mûrkāˈtər [key], Latin form of Gerhard KremerGerhard Kremergārˈhärt krāˈmər [key], 1512–94, Flemish geographer, mathematician, and…

Winchester, city, England

(Encyclopedia) WinchesterWinchesterwĭnˈchĭstər [key], city and district (1991 pop. 34,127), county seat of Hampshire, S central England. Winchester was called Caer Gwent by the Britons, Venta…

Valdivia, Pedro de

(Encyclopedia) Valdivia, Pedro deValdivia, Pedro depāˈdhrō dā väldēˈvyä [key], c.1500–1554, Spanish conquistador, conqueror of Chile. One of Francisco Pizarro's best officers in the conquest of Peru…