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Johnson, Lionel Pigot

(Encyclopedia) Johnson, Lionel Pigot, 1867–1902, British poet and critic, b. Broadstairs, Kent, educated at Oxford. He lived an ascetic, scholarly life in London, converting to Roman Catholicism in…

Laurence, Margaret

(Encyclopedia) Laurence, Margaret (Jean Margaret Laurence), 1926–87, Canadian novelist, b. Manitoba. She lived in Somaliland, Ghana, and England and many of her early works had an African setting.…

Arrabal, Fernando

(Encyclopedia) Arrabal, FernandoArrabal, Fernandofārnänˈdō äräbälˈ [key], 1932–, French playwright, b. Melilla, Morocco. He studied law in Madrid before moving to Paris in 1954. His plays, which…

Eratosthenes

(Encyclopedia) EratosthenesEratosthenesĕrətŏsˈthənēz [key], c.275–c.195 b.c., Greek scholar, b. Cyrene. A pupil of Callimachus in Athens, he became (c.240 b.c.) head of the library at Alexandria.…

Mufaddaliyat

(Encyclopedia) MufaddaliyatMufaddaliyatm&oomacr;fäˌdälēätˈ [key] or MofaddaliyatMofaddaliyatmō– [key], great Arabic anthology compiled by the celebrated philologist Al Mufaddal ad-Dabbi (d. c.775…

Bloomgarden, Solomon

(Encyclopedia) Bloomgarden or Blumengarten, Solomon, pseud. YehoashYehoashyēhōˈäsh [key], 1870–1927, American writer in Yiddish, b. Lithuania. He emigrated to America in 1891 and, except for 10 years…

Bryusov, Valery Yakovlevich

(Encyclopedia) Bryusov, Valery YakovlevichBryusov, Valery Yakovlevichvəlyĕˈrē yäˈkəvlyĭvĭch brē&oomacr;ˈsəf [key], 1873–1924, Russian poet, novelist, and critic. He was the spearhead of the…

Casa, Giovanni della

(Encyclopedia) Casa, Giovanni dellaCasa, Giovanni dellajōvänˈnē dĕlˈlä käˈzä [key], 1503–56, Italian cleric and poet. He was archbishop of Benevento and papal nuncio to Venice. He wrote lyric verse,…

Sully-Prudhomme, René François Armand

(Encyclopedia) Sully-Prudhomme, René François ArmandSully-Prudhomme, René François Armandrənāˈ fräNswäˈ ärmäNˈ sülēˈ-prüdômˈ [key], 1839–1907, French poet associated with the Parnassians. His early…

Bilderdijk, Willem

(Encyclopedia) Bilderdijk, WillemBilderdijk, Willemwĭlˈəm bĭlˈdərdīk [key], 1756–1831, Dutch poet. He tutored Louis Bonaparte in Dutch and later conducted a small private college at Leiden, where his…