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Laurence, Margaret

(Encyclopedia) Laurence, Margaret (Jean Margaret Laurence), 1926–87, Canadian novelist, b. Manitoba. She lived in Somaliland, Ghana, and England and many of her early works had an African setting.…

Arany, János

(Encyclopedia) Arany, JánosArany, Jánosyäˈnôsh ŏˈrŏnyə [key], 1817–82, Hungarian poet. Arany is considered one of the founders of modern Hungarian poetry. He was an actor, notary, editor, and…

Macdonald, George

(Encyclopedia) Macdonald, George, 1824–1905, Scottish author. Ordained a Congregational minister, he eventually abandoned his vocation to become a writer and freelance preacher. His first published…

Ali, Sabahattin

(Encyclopedia) Ali, Sabahattin, 1907–48, Turkish fiction writer. During his lifetime he was best known for his popular and realistic short stories, many of which were concerned with the plight of…

Daiches, David

(Encyclopedia) Daiches, DavidDaiches, Daviddāˈchēz [key], 1912–2005, British critic, b. Sunderland. A graduate of Edinburgh Univ. and Oxford (M.A., 1934; Ph.D., 1939), Daiches taught at several…

Davies, William Henry

(Encyclopedia) Davies, William HenryDavies, William Henrydāˈvĭs [key], 1871–1940, British poet, b. Wales. Leaving school at a young age, Davies lived for a number of years as a peddler and a beggar…

Hölderlin, Friedrich

(Encyclopedia) Hölderlin, FriedrichHölderlin, Friedrichfrēˈdrĭkh hölˈdərlĭn [key], 1770–1843, German lyric poet. Befriended and influenced by Schiller, Hölderlin produced, before the onset of…

Huidobro, Vicente

(Encyclopedia) Huidobro, VicenteHuidobro, Vicentevēsānˈtā wēᵺōˈbrō [key], 1893–1948, Chilean poet, founder of the aesthetic movement known as creacionismo, which emphasized the value of the poet as…

Hamasa

(Encyclopedia) HamasaHamasahämäˈsä, həmäˈsə [key] [Arab.,=valor], one of the great anthologies of Arabic literature. It was gathered together in the 9th cent. by Abu Tammam when he was snowbound in…

Johnson, Lionel Pigot

(Encyclopedia) Johnson, Lionel Pigot, 1867–1902, British poet and critic, b. Broadstairs, Kent, educated at Oxford. He lived an ascetic, scholarly life in London, converting to Roman Catholicism in…