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Robert II, duke of Normandy
(Encyclopedia) Robert II (Robert Curthose), c.1054–1134, duke of Normandy (1087–1106); eldest son of King William I of England. Aided by King Philip I of France, he rebelled (1077) against his father…Troyes, Treaty of
(Encyclopedia) Troyes, Treaty of, 1420, agreement between Henry V of England, Charles VI of France, and Philip the Good of Burgundy. Its purpose, ultimately unsuccessful, was to settle the issues of…Field of the Cloth of Gold
(Encyclopedia) Field of the Cloth of Gold, locality between Guines and Ardres, not far from Calais, in France, where in 1520 Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France met for the purpose of…Castelnau, Michel de
(Encyclopedia) Castelnau, Michel deCastelnau, Michel demēshĕlˈ də kästĕlnōˈ [key], c.1520–1592, French diplomat and soldier. He early attracted the favorable notice of the cardinal of Lorraine (…Mortimer, Sir Edmund de
(Encyclopedia) Mortimer, Sir Edmund de, 1376–1409, English nobleman; youngest son of Edmund de Mortimer, 3d earl of March. In 1398 when young Edmund, the 5th earl, nephew of Sir Edmund, succeeded to…Worcester, Thomas Percy, earl of
(Encyclopedia) Worcester, Thomas Percy, earl ofWorcester, Thomas Percy, earl ofw&oobreve;sˈtər [key], c.1344–1403, English nobleman; brother of Henry Percy, 1st earl of Northumberland. He served…Mornay, Philippe de, seigneur du Plessis-Marly
(Encyclopedia) Mornay, Philippe de, seigneur du Plessis-MarlyMornay, Philippe de, seigneur du Plessis-Marlyfēlēpˈ də môrnāˈ sānyörˈ dü plĕsēˈ-märlēˈ [key], 1549–1623, diplomat and publicist for the…Stephen
(Encyclopedia) Stephen, 1097?–1154, king of England (1135–54). The son of Stephen, count of Blois and Chartres, and Adela, daughter of William I of England, he was brought up by his uncle, Henry I of…Gregory VII, Saint
(Encyclopedia) Gregory VII, Saint, d. 1085, pope (1073–85), an Italian (b. near Rome) named Hildebrand (Ital. Ildebrando); successor of Alexander II. He was one of the greatest popes. Feast: May 25…Henry III, Spanish king of Castile and León
(Encyclopedia) Henry III, 1379–1406, Spanish king of Castile and León (1390–1406), son and successor of John I. His marriage (1388) to Catherine, daughter of John of Gaunt, ended a long dynastic…Trending
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