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apatite

(Encyclopedia) apatiteapatiteăpˈətīt [key], mineral, a phosphate of calcium containing chlorine or fluorine, or both, that is transparent to opaque in shades of green, brown, yellow, white, red, and…

Kirovsk

(Encyclopedia) KirovskKirovskkēˈrəfsk [key], city (1989 pop. 43,500), N European Russia, on the Kola Peninsula. The city is the center of a mining complex that produces apatite and nephelite, raw…

Auburn

(Encyclopedia) Auburn Auburn ôˈbərn [key]. 1 City (2020 pop. 76,143), Lee co., E Ala.; inc. 1839. The city's economy centers around Auburn Univ.; there is some…

hardness

(Encyclopedia) hardness, property of matter commonly described as the resistance of a substance to being scratched by another substance. The degree of hardness is relative, different substances being…

fluorine

(Encyclopedia) fluorinefluorinefl&oomacr;ˈərēn, –rĭn [key], gaseous chemical element; symbol F; at. no. 9; at. wt. 18.9984; m.p. −219.6℃; b.p. −188.14℃; density 1.696 grams per liter at STP;…

Murmansk

(Encyclopedia) MurmanskMurmanskm&oobreve;rmänskˈ [key], city (1989 pop. 468,000), capital of Murmansk region, NW European Russia, on the Kola Gulf of the Barents Sea. It is the terminus of the…

calcium

(Encyclopedia) calciumcalciumkălˈsēəm [key] [Lat.,=lime], metallic chemical element; symbol Ca; at. no. 20; at. wt. 40.078; m.p. about 839℃; b.p. 1,484℃; sp. gr. 1.55 at 20℃; valence +2. Calcium is a…

phosphorus

(Encyclopedia) phosphorusphosphorusfŏsˈfərəs [key] [Gr.,=light-bearing], nonmetallic chemical element; symbol P; at. no. 15; at. wt. 30.97376; m.p. 44.1℃; b.p. about 280℃; sp. gr. 1.82 at 20℃;…

Lapland

(Encyclopedia) LaplandLaplandlăpˈlăndˌ [key], Finn. Lappi, Nor. Lapland, Swed. Lappland, vast region of N Europe, largely within the Arctic Circle. It includes the Norwegian provinces of Finnmark and…