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Tien Shan

(Encyclopedia) Tien Shan, mountain system: see Tian Shan.

multiple sclerosis

(Encyclopedia) multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic, slowly progressive autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system attacks the protective myelin sheaths that surround the nerve cells of the…

norepinephrine

(Encyclopedia) norepinephrinenorepinephrinenôrˌĕpīnĕfˈrən [key], a neurotransmitter in the catecholamine family that mediates chemical communication in the sympathetic nervous system, a branch of the…

Apennines

(Encyclopedia) ApenninesApenninesăpˈənīnz [key], Ital. Appennino, mountain system, running the entire length of the Italian peninsula. It extends south c.840 mi (1,350 km) from the Cadibona Pass in…

echo sounder

(Encyclopedia) echo sounder, an older instrumentation system for indirectly determining ocean floor depth. Echo sounding is based on the principle that water is an excellent medium for the…

Savigny, Friedrich Karl von

(Encyclopedia) Savigny, Friedrich Karl vonSavigny, Friedrich Karl vonfrēˈdrĭkh kärl fən säˈvĭnyē [key], 1779–1861, German jurist and legal historian, a founder of the historical school of…

scopolamine

(Encyclopedia) scopolaminescopolamineskōpŏlˈəmēn, –mĭn [key] or hyoscinescopolaminehīˈəsēnˌ, –sĭn [key], alkaloid drug obtained from plants of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), chiefly from henbane…

smart weapon

(Encyclopedia) smart weapon, missile or steerable bomb equipped with a laser, television, or satellite guidance system. Smart weapons, which use guidance systems that rely on external assistance, are…

common-ion effect

(Encyclopedia) common-ion effect, decrease in solubility of an ionic salt, i.e., one that dissociates in solution into its ions, caused by the presence in solution of another solute that contains one…