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phonology

(Encyclopedia) phonology, study of the sound systems of languages. It is distinguished from phonetics, which is the study of the production, perception, and physical properties of speech sounds;…

Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni, Conte

(Encyclopedia) Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni, ContePico della Mirandola, Giovanni, Contejōvänˈnē kōnˈtā pēˈkō dĕlˈlä mēränˈdōlä [key], 1463–94, Italian philosopher and humanist. To many in the age…

phase diagram

(Encyclopedia) CE5 Phase diagram for a substance, like water, which expands on freezing phase diagram, graph that shows the relation between the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of a substance (…

Peabody, George

(Encyclopedia) Peabody, GeorgePeabody, Georgepēˈbädē, –bədē [key], 1795–1869, American financier and philanthropist, b. South Danvers (now Peabody), Mass. At the age of 11 he was apprenticed to a…

convict labor

(Encyclopedia) convict labor, work of prison inmates. Until the 19th cent., labor was introduced in prisons chiefly as punishment. Such work is now considered a necessary part of the rehabilitation…

Croce, Benedetto

(Encyclopedia) Croce, BenedettoCroce, Benedettobānādĕtˈtō krôˈchā [key], 1866–1952, Italian philosopher, historian, and critic. He lived mostly in Naples, devoting himself to studying and writing. He…

denaturation

(Encyclopedia) denaturation, term used to describe the loss of native, higher-order structure of protein molecules in solution. Most globular proteins exhibit complicated three-dimensional folding…

Dzungaria

(Encyclopedia) DzungariaDzungariaz&oobreve;n-gârˈēə [key] or JunggarDzungariaj&oobreve;ngˈgärˈ [key], physical region (c.300,000 sq mi/777,000 sq km) of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, NW…

empiricism

(Encyclopedia) empiricismempiricismĕmpĭrˈĭsĭzəm [key] [Gr.,=experience], philosophical doctrine that all knowledge is derived from experience. For most empiricists, experience includes inner…

harmonic

(Encyclopedia) harmonic. 1 Physical term describing the vibration in segments of a sound-producing body (see sound). A string vibrates simultaneously in its whole length and in segments of halves,…