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Kroc, Ray

(Encyclopedia) Kroc, Ray (Raymond Albert Kroc), 1902–84, American fast-food restauranteur and franchiser, b. Chicago. Kroc held several jobs before becoming (1937) the distributor for a blender that…

pin

(Encyclopedia) pin. One of the earliest human artifacts, pins were at first made of thorns, bone, or wood and were used as clothing fasteners, hairpins, and meat skewers. These long, single-shaft…

Staffordshire terrier

(Encyclopedia) Staffordshire terrier, breed of strong, muscular terrier developed in England in the early 19th cent. It stands from 17 to 19 in. (43.1–48.3 cm) high at the shoulder and weighs from 35…

intarsia

(Encyclopedia) intarsiaintarsiaĭntärˈsēə [key] or tarsia, properly a form of wood inlaying. The term is sometimes applied to inlays of other materials such as ivory and metal. It is differentiated…

Miyake, Issey

(Encyclopedia) Miyake, Issey, 1938–, Japanese fashion designer, b. Hiroshima, grad. Tama Art Univ., Tokyo, 1964. He came to Paris in 1965 and designed for Guy Laroche (1966–68) and Givenchy (1968–69…

Lauder, Estée

(Encyclopedia) Lauder, Estée, 1908?–2004, American cosmetics company founder, b. Corona, Queens, N.Y., as Josephine Esther Mentzer. The daughter of immigrants, she married Joseph Lauter (later…

Sexton, Anne

(Encyclopedia) Sexton, Anne (Harvey), 1928–74, American poet, b. Newton, Mass. Educated at Garland Junior College and at Radcliffe, she worked briefly as a fashion model in Boston. Her “confessional…

nutcracker

(Encyclopedia) nutcracker, common name for a small crow of the genus Nucifraga in the family Corvidae (crow family). The Old World nutcracker (N. caryocatactes) is found throughout the colder regions…

Dionysius the Younger

(Encyclopedia) Dionysius the Younger, fl. 368–344 b.c., tyrant of Syracuse, son of Dionysius the Elder. He ended the war with Carthage and enlisted the support of the professional army. Neither…

Bononcini

(Encyclopedia) BononciniBononcinibōnōnchēˈnē [key] or BuononciniBuononcinibwō– [key], musical family of Modena, Italy. Giovanni Maria Bononcini, 1642–78, choirmaster and organist at Bologna and…