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Hall, John Lewis

(Encyclopedia) Hall, John Lewis, 1934–, American physicist, b. Denver, Colo., Ph.D. Carnegie Institute of Technology, 1961. He has been a researcher at the National Bureau of Standards in Boulder,…

Esperanto

(Encyclopedia) EsperantoEsperantoĕspəränˈtō [key], an artificial language introduced in 1887 and intended by its inventor, Dr. Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof (1859–1917), a Polish oculist and linguist, to…

Natsume Soseki

(Encyclopedia) Natsume SosekiNatsume Sosekinäˈts&oomacr;ˈmĕ sōˈsĕˈkē [key], 1867–1916, Japanese writer. Soseki ranks along with Mori Ogai as one of two giants of early modern Japanese letters.…

sex therapy

(Encyclopedia) sex therapy, treatment of sexual disorders and dysfunction, including impotence, orgasmic dysfunction, vaginismus (spasm of the muscles of the vagina), premature ejaculation, and lack…

Rodbell, Martin

(Encyclopedia) Rodbell, Martin, 1925–1998, American biochemist, b. Baltimore, Ph.D. Univ. of Washington, 1954. He was a researcher (1956–1985) at the National Heart Institute in Bethesda, Md., before…

international language

(Encyclopedia) international language, sometimes called universal language, a language intended to be used by people of different linguistic backgrounds to facilitate communication among them and to…

Hänsch, Theodor Wolfgang

(Encyclopedia) Hänsch, Theodor Wolfgang, 1941–, German physicist, Ph.D. Heidelberg, 1969. He was a professor at Stanford from 1975 to 1986 and then became head of the Max Planck Institute for Quantum…

icebreaker

(Encyclopedia) icebreaker, ship of special hull design and wide beam, with relatively flat bottom, designed to force its way through ice. When the icebreaker charges into the ice at full speed, its…

Ashton-Warner, Sylvia

(Encyclopedia) Ashton-Warner, Sylvia, 1905–84, New Zealand British novelist and educator, b. Stratford, New Zealand. For years a teacher of Maori children, Ashton-Warner developed many stimulating…

McGill University

(Encyclopedia) McGill University, at Montreal, Que., Canada; coeducational; chartered 1821, opened 1829. It was named for James McGill, who left a bequest to establish it. Its real development dates…