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Scott, Paul

(Encyclopedia) Scott, Paul (Paul Mark Scott), 1930–78, British author, b. London. He joined the British army in 1940 and served in India, Burma, and Malaya from 1943 to 1946. His observations of the…

Jupiter, in Roman religion and mythology

(Encyclopedia) Jupiter, in Roman religion and mythology, the supreme god, also called Jove. Originally a sky deity associated with rain and agriculture, he developed into the great father god, prime…

Denon, Dominique-Vivant, Baron

(Encyclopedia) Denon, Dominique-Vivant, BaronDenon, Dominique-Vivant, Barondōmēnēkˈ-vēväN bärôNˈ dənôNˈ [key], 1747–1825, French artist, writer, and archaeologist. He had a brilliant career as an…

Cyaxares

(Encyclopedia) CyaxaresCyaxaressīăkˈsərēz [key], d. 585 b.c., king of Media (c.625–585 b.c.). His name also appears as Umakishtar and Huyakhshtara. In the course of his reign he raised the kingdom of…

Kirke, Sir David

(Encyclopedia) Kirke, Sir DavidKirke, Sir Davidkûrk [key], 1597–1655?, English merchant adventurer, b. France. In 1627 he and his brothers Lewis and Thomas sailed on a fleet outfitted by their father…

Poland, partitions of

(Encyclopedia) Poland, partitions of. The basic causes leading to the three successive partitions (1772, 1793, 1795) that eliminated Poland from the map were the decay and the internal disunity of…

smut

(Encyclopedia) smut, name for an order of parasitic fungi (Ustilaginales) and the various diseases of plants caused by them. Smuts produce sootlike masses of spores on the host. The spore masses may…

Estrada Palma, Tomás

(Encyclopedia) Estrada Palma, TomásEstrada Palma, Tomástōmäsˈ [key]Estrada Palma, Tomás esträˈᵺä [key]Estrada Palma, Tomáspälˈmä [key], 1835–1908, Cuban revolutionist and first president (1902–6) of…

Dandolo

(Encyclopedia) DandoloDandolodänˈdōlō [key], ancient Venetian family that produced four doges, many admirals, and other prominent citizens. Enrico Dandolo, c.1108–1205, became doge in 1192. He is…

Arthur, Chester Alan

(Encyclopedia) Arthur, Chester Alan, 1829–86, 21st President of the United States (1881–85), b. Fairfield, Vt. He studied law and before the Civil War practiced in New York City. In the war he was (…