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Turing, Alan Mathison

(Encyclopedia) Turing, Alan Mathison, 1912–54, British mathematician and computer theorist. While studying at Cambridge he began work in predicate logic that led to a proof (1937) that some…

Paris, city, United States

(Encyclopedia) ParisParispârˈĭs [key], city (1990 pop. 24,699), seat of Lamar co., E Tex., in the Red River valley; settled 1824. It is a processing center for the rich farms of the blackland region…

Gallipoli campaign

(Encyclopedia) Gallipoli campaign, 1915, Allied expedition in World War I for the purpose of gaining control of the Dardanelles and Bosporus straits, capturing Constantinople, and opening a Black Sea…

Perov, Vasily Grigoryevich

(Encyclopedia) Perov, Vasily GrigoryevichPerov, Vasily Grigoryevichvəsēˈlyē grĭgôrˈyəvĭch pyĭrôfˈ [key], 1833–82, Russian historical, genre, and portrait painter. He was the leader of the realist…

Glen Ridge

(Encyclopedia) Glen Ridge, borough (2020 pop. 7,802), Essex co., NE N.J., a residential suburb of New York City; inc. 1895. Originally part of…

Fermat, Pierre de

(Encyclopedia) Fermat, Pierre deFermat, Pierre depyĕr də fĕrmäˈ [key], 1601–65, French mathematician. A magistrate whose avocation was mathematics, Fermat is known as a founder of modern number…

Keith, George, Scottish preacher

(Encyclopedia) Keith, George, c.1638–1716, Scottish preacher. Joining the Quakers c.1663, he was closely associated with Robert Barclay, George Fox, and other influential Friends. Shortly after his…

Williston

(Encyclopedia) Williston, city (1990 pop. 13,131), seat of Williams co., NW N.Dak., on the Missouri River; inc. 1904. An early riverboating town, its importance increased with the arrival of the…