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Le Vau, Louis

(Encyclopedia) Le Vau, LouisLe Vau, Louislwē lə vō [key], 1612–70, French architect, involved in most of the important building projects for Louis XIV. He settled on the Île Saint-Louis, where he…

Christo

(Encyclopedia) ChristoChristokrĭsˈtō [key], 1935–2020, Bulgarian-American artist, b. Gabrovo as Christo Vladimirov Javacheff, studied Sofia, Vienna, and Paris. His early experiments in assemblage led…

Berlioz, Louis-Hector

(Encyclopedia) Berlioz, Louis-HectorBerlioz, Louis-Hectorlwē ĕktôrˈ bĕrlyôzˈ [key], 1803–69, French romantic composer. He abandoned medical study to enter the Paris Conservatory as a composition…

Saint Bartholomew's Day, massacre of

(Encyclopedia) Saint Bartholomew's Day, massacre of, murder of French Protestants, or Huguenots, that began in Paris on Aug. 24, 1572. It was preceded, on Aug. 22, by an attempt, ordered by Catherine…

Blanqui, Louis Auguste

(Encyclopedia) Blanqui, Louis AugusteBlanqui, Louis Augustelwē ôgüstˈ [key], 1805–81, French revolutionary and radical thinker. While a student in Paris, he joined (1824) a branch of the Carbonari, a…

Bibliothèque nationale

(Encyclopedia) Bibliothèque nationaleBibliothèque nationalebēblēōtĕkˈ näsyônälˈ [key], national library of France, in Paris, a government archive, and one of the foremost libraries of the world. It…

Lutetia

(Encyclopedia) Lutetia: see Paris, France.

Coypel

(Encyclopedia) CoypelCoypelkwäpĕlˈ [key], family of French painters. Noël Coypel, 1628–1707, director of the Académie de France à Rome and later of the Académie royale de péinture et de sculpture in…

Guimard, Hector

(Encyclopedia) Guimard, HectorGuimard, Hectorĕktôrˈ gēmärˈ [key], 1867–1942, French architect and furniture designer. Influenced by Victor Horta, he became the first and foremost French architect of…

Gioberti, Vincenzo

(Encyclopedia) Gioberti, VincenzoGioberti, Vincenzovēnchānˈtsō jōbĕrˈtē [key], 1801–52, Italian philosopher and political writer, b. Turin. Ordained (1825) a priest, he went into exile (1833–48) in…