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Parini, Giuseppe

(Encyclopedia) Parini, GiuseppeParini, Giuseppej&oomacr;zĕpˈpā pärēˈnē [key], 1729–99, Italian poet, a priest and teacher. He was a professor and a superintendent of schools in Milan; a liberal,…

Filarete

(Encyclopedia) FilareteFilaretefēˈlärĕˈtā [key], c.1400–c.1465, Italian architect and sculptor, whose real name was Antonio Averlino, b. Florence. In the 1430s he went to Rome, where he studied the…

Abbado, Claudio

(Encyclopedia) Abbado, Claudio, 1933–2014, Italian conductor, b. Milan. He debuted (1960) in his native city, conducting the orchestra at La Scala, where he subsequently served (1968–86) as musical…

Biella

(Encyclopedia) Biella Biella byĕlˈlä [key], city, Piedmont, NW Italy. It is a major cotton and wool textile…

Cernuschi, Henri

(Encyclopedia) Cernuschi, HenriCernuschi, Henrichārn&oomacr;ˈskē [key], 1821–96, Italian politician and economist. A strong republican, he was a leader in the Milan revolt of 1848 in support of…

Pašić, Nikola

(Encyclopedia) Pašić or Pashitch, NikolaPašić or Pashitch, Nikolaboth: nēˈkôlä päˈshĭch [key], 1845?–1926, Serbian statesman. After studying engineering, he became interested in politics and was…

Gregory XI

(Encyclopedia) Gregory XI, 1330–78, pope (1370–78), a Frenchman named Pierre Roger de Beaufort. He was the successor of Urban V, who had made an unsuccessful attempt to remove the papacy from Avignon…

Muti, Riccardo

(Encyclopedia) Muti, RiccardoMuti, Riccardorēk-kärˈdō m&oomacr;ˈtē [key], 1941–, Italian conductor. Principal conductor of the Maggio Musicale (1969–81) in Florence and of the Philharmonia…

Maderna, Bruno

(Encyclopedia) Maderna, BrunoMaderna, Brunobr&oomacr;ˈnō mädĕrˈnä [key], 1920–73, Italian composer and conductor, b. Venice. Maderna studied composing with Gian Francesco Malipiero and conducting…

Bach, Johann Christian

(Encyclopedia) Bach, Johann ChristianBach, Johann Christiankrĭsˈtyän [key]Bach, Johann Christian bäkh [key], 1735–82, German musician and composer; son of J. S. Bach. He went to Italy in 1754, became…