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Bodmer, Johann Jakob

(Encyclopedia) Bodmer, Johann JakobBodmer, Johann Jakobyōˈhän yäˈkôp bōdˈmər [key], 1698–1783, Swiss critic, poet, and editor. He translated Milton's Paradise Lost and Middle High German poetry.…

Tristram and Isolde

(Encyclopedia) Tristram and IsoldeTristram and Isoldetrĭsˈtrəm, ĭsōlˈdə, ĭzōlˈ– [key], medieval romance. The earliest extant version (incomplete) was written (c.1185) by Thomas of Britain in Anglo-…

Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich, Graf von

(Encyclopedia) Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich, Graf vonBernstorff, Johann Heinrich, Graf vonyōhänˈ [key]Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich, Graf vonhīnˈrĭkh gräf fən [key]Bernstorff, Johann Heinrich, Graf von…

German literature

(Encyclopedia) German literature, works in the German language by German, Austrian, Austro-Hungarian, and Swiss authors, as well as by writers of German in other countries. The postwar decades saw…

Hamann, Johann Georg

(Encyclopedia) Hamann, Johann GeorgHamann, Johann Georgyōˈhän gāˈôrk häˈmən [key], 1730–88, German Protestant theologian, b. Königsberg (now Kaliningrad). Although opposed to the rationalism of Kant…

minnesinger

(Encyclopedia) minnesingerminnesingermĭnˈĭsĭngˌər [key], a medieval German knight, poet, and singer of Minne, or courtly love. Originally imitators of Provençal troubadours, minnesingers developed…

monad

(Encyclopedia) monad: see Bruno, Giordano; Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Baron von.