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Fresnel, Augustin Jean

(Encyclopedia) Fresnel, Augustin JeanFresnel, Augustin JeanōgüstăNˈ zhäN frānĕlˈ [key] 1788–1827, French physicist and engineer. He is known for his research on light, especially on conditions…

Fantin-Latour, Ignace Henri Jean Théodore

(Encyclopedia) Fantin-Latour, Ignace Henri Jean ThéodoreFantin-Latour, Ignace Henri Jean Théodoreēgnäsˈ äNrēˈ zhäNˈ tēōdôrˈ fäNtăNˈ-lät&oomacr;rˈ [key], 1836–1904, French painter and lithographer…

Clouet, Jean

(Encyclopedia) Clouet, JeanClouet, JeanzhäN kl&oomacr;āˈ [key], called Janet or JehannetClouet, Jeanboth: zhänĕˈ [key], c.1485–1540, portrait and miniature painter. He was court painter and valet…

Nathan, George Jean

(Encyclopedia) Nathan, George Jean, 1882–1958, American editor and drama critic, b. Fort Wayne, Ind. He left the New York Herald to join H. L. Mencken in editing Smart Set (1914–23), which they made…

Mandeville, Sir John

(Encyclopedia) Mandeville, Sir John, 14th-century English author of The Travels of Sir John Mandeville. Originally written in Norman French, the work became enormously popular and was translated into…

Alembert, Jean le Rond d'

(Encyclopedia) Alembert, Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Jean le Rond d'zhäN lərôNˈ däläNbĕrˈ [key], 1717–83, French mathematician and philosopher. The illegitimate son of the chevalier Destouches, he was…

Duvalier, Jean-Claude

(Encyclopedia) Duvalier, Jean-ClaudeDuvalier, Jean-ClaudezhäN-klōd [key]Duvalier, Jean-Claude düvälyāˈ [key], 1951–2014, president of Haiti (1971–86). At age 19, he was proclaimed “president for life…

Sponde, Jean de

(Encyclopedia) Sponde, Jean deSponde, Jean dezhäN də spôNd [key], 1557–95, French poet and humanist. He held various posts in the court of Henry IV but died destitute because of his reckless nature.…

Poncelet, Jean Victor

(Encyclopedia) Poncelet, Jean VictorPoncelet, Jean VictorzhäNˈ vēktôrˈ pôNslāˈ [key], 1788–1867, French mathematician and army engineer. He taught at the school of mechanics at Metz and at the…

Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'

(Encyclopedia) Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'zhäN bätēstˈ b&oomacr;rgēnyôNˈ däNvēlˈ [key], 1697–1782, French geographer and cartographer. His maps of…