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Petrarch

(Encyclopedia) PetrarchPetrarchpēˈträrk [key] or Francesco PetrarcaFrancesco Petrarcafränchĕsˈkō pāträrˈkä [key], 1304–74, Italian poet and humanist, one of the great figures of Italian literature.…

Hugo, Victor Marie, Vicomte

(Encyclopedia) Hugo, Victor Marie, VicomteHugo, Victor Marie, Vicomtehy&oomacr;ˈgō, Fr. vēktôrˈ märēˈ vēkôNtˈ ügōˈ [key], 1802–85, French poet, dramatist, and novelist, b. Besançon. His father…

Ibsen, Henrik

(Encyclopedia) Ibsen, HenrikIbsen, Henrikhĕnˈrĭk ĭbˈsən [key], 1828–1906, Norwegian dramatist and poet. His early years were lonely and miserable. Distressed by the consequences of his family's…

Wilkinson, James

(Encyclopedia) Wilkinson, James, 1757–1825, American general and one of the most corrupt and devious officers in the nation's early army, b. Calvert co., Md. Abandoning his medical studies in 1776 to…

Populist party

(Encyclopedia) Populist party, in U.S. history, political party formed primarily to express the agrarian protest of the late 19th cent. In some states the party was known as the People's party.…

puppet

(Encyclopedia) puppet, human or animal figure, generally of a small size and performing on a miniature stage, manipulated by an unseen operator who usually speaks the dialogue. A distinction is made…

Manning, Henry Edward

(Encyclopedia) Manning, Henry Edward, 1808–92, English churchman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. Ordained a Catholic priest, Manning became a celebrated confessor, an ardent advocate of…

bridge, card game

(Encyclopedia) bridge, card game derived from whist, played with 52 cards by four players in two partnerships. Bridge probably originated in the Middle East in the 19th cent. Auction bridge, one…

pastoral

(Encyclopedia) pastoral, literary work in which the shepherd's life is presented in a conventionalized manner. In this convention the purity and simplicity of shepherd life is contrasted with the…

Hardy, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Hardy, Thomas, 1840–1928, English novelist and poet, b. near Dorchester, one of the great English writers of the 19th cent. The son of a stonemason, he derived a love of music from his…