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Botany Bay

(Encyclopedia) Botany Bay, inlet, New South Wales, SE Australia, just S of Sydney. It was visited in 1770 by James Cook, who proclaimed British sovereignty over the east coast of Australia. The site…

Syrian Desert

(Encyclopedia) Syrian Desert, Arabic Badiyat Ash Sham, arid wasteland, SW Asia, between the cultivated lands along the E Mediterranean coast and the fertile Euphrates River valley. It extends N from…

Beachy Head

(Encyclopedia) Beachy Head, high chalk cliffs (575 ft/175 m), on the south coast of East Sussex, S England. The battle of Beachy Head, in the War of the Grand Alliance, was fought (1690) between an…

Malaspina, Alejandro

(Encyclopedia) Malaspina, Alejandro or AlessandroMalaspina, Alejandro or Alessandroälāhänˈdrō mäläspēˈnä; älās-sänˈdrō [key], 1754–1810, Italian-Spanish naval officer and explorer, b. Mulazzo, Italy…

Magna Graecia

(Encyclopedia) Magna GraeciaMagna Graeciamăgˈnə grēˈshə [key] [Lat.,=great Greece], Greek colonies of S Italy. The Greek overseas expansion of the 8th cent. b.c. founded a number of towns that became…

artesian well

(Encyclopedia) artesian well, deep drilled well through which water is forced upward under pressure. The water in an artesian well flows from an aquifer, which is a layer of very porous rock or…

Deluge

(Encyclopedia) DelugeDelugedĕlˈy&oomacr;j [key], in the Bible, the overwhelming flood that covered the earth and destroyed every living thing except the family of Noah and the creatures in his…

Quintana Roo

(Encyclopedia) Quintana RooQuintana Rookēntäˈnä rōˈō [key], state (1990 pop. 493,277), 19,630 sq mi (50,842 sq km), SE Mexico, on the Caribbean. Chetumal is the capital. Occupying most of the eastern…

Pinzón, Martín Alonso

(Encyclopedia) Pinzón, Martín AlonsoPinzón, Martín Alonsomärtēnˈ älōnˈsō pēnthōnˈ [key] d.1493, Spanish navigator. The commander of the Pinta on Columbus's first voyage to the New World in 1492, he…

Gallipoli campaign

(Encyclopedia) Gallipoli campaign, 1915, Allied expedition in World War I for the purpose of gaining control of the Dardanelles and Bosporus straits, capturing Constantinople, and opening a Black Sea…