chemical bond: The Ionic Bond

The ionic bond results from the attraction of oppositely charged ions. The atoms of metallic elements, e.g., those of sodium, lose their outer electrons easily, while the atoms of nonmetals, e.g., those of chlorine, tend to gain electrons. The highly stable ions that result retain their individual structures as they approach one another to form a stable molecule or crystal. In an ionic crystal like sodium chloride, no discrete diatomic molecules exist; rather, the crystal is composed of independent Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, each of which is attracted to neighboring ions of the opposite charge. Thus the entire crystal is a single giant molecule.

Sections in this article:

• Introduction
• Metallic and Hydrogen Bonds
• The Covalent Bond
• The Ionic Bond
• Bibliography

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