Bonaparte: Louis Bonaparte

Napoleon's brother Louis, 1778–1846, was king of Holland (1806–10). He reluctantly married (1802) Hortense de Beauharnais. Napoleon forced him to abdicate because Louis, more concerned for the interests of the Dutch people than for those of France, defied the ruinous Continental System. He died in Italy.

Sections in this article:

• Introduction
• Later Generations
• Jérôme Bonaparte
• Caroline Bonaparte
• Pauline Bonaparte
• Louis Bonaparte
• Elisa Bonaparte
• Lucien Bonaparte
• Joseph Bonaparte
• Parentage
• Bibliography

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