James II, king of England, Scotland, and Ireland: Attempts at Restoration

James made an effort to restore himself by landing in Ireland in 1689 and leading his many Catholic followers there, but the effort failed at the battle of the Boyne (1690). Other projects for restoration failed, and James's supporter, Louis XIV, recognized William III in the Treaty of Ryswick (1697). The cause of James's son and grandson was upheld later by the Jacobites long after James had died in inglorious exile.

Sections in this article:

• Introduction
• Attempts at Restoration
• Reign
• Effect of James's Catholicism
• Early Life
• Bibliography

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