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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is one of the great figures in the history of German literature. Early in his career he studied law, and in 1775 he joined the court of Duke Charles Augustus. For ten…

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von

(Encyclopedia) Goethe, Johann Wolfgang vonGoethe, Johann Wolfgang vonyōˈhän vôlfˈgäng fən göˈtə, 1749–1832, German poet, dramatist, novelist, and scientist, b. Frankfurt. One of the great masters of…

Jordan, Camille

(Encyclopedia) Jordan, CamilleJordan, Camillekämēˈyə zhôrdäNˈ [key], 1771–1821, French writer and political figure. A moderate supporter of the French Revolution, he fled France during the Reign of…

Wolfgang von Kempelen

Wolfgang von Kempelen built the Turk, a chess-playing automaton which wowed Europe late in the 1700s. The Turk consisted of a wooden cabinet topped by a carved life-size human figure dressed in a…

Selten, Reinhard

(Encyclopedia) Selten, Reinhard (Reinhard Justus Reginald Selten), 1930–2016, German mathematician and economist, b. Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland), Ph.D. Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Univ.,…

Döbereiner, Johann Wolfgang

(Encyclopedia) Döbereiner, Johann WolfgangDöbereiner, Johann Wolfgangyōˈhän vôlfˈgäng döˈbərīnər [key], 1780–1849, German chemist. From 1810 he was professor of the Univ. of Jena. He is known…

Eckermann, Johann Peter

(Encyclopedia) Eckermann, Johann PeterEckermann, Johann Peteryōhänˈ pāˈtər ĕkˈərmän [key], 1792–1854, German scholar and author. He assisted Goethe in various literary labors, was professor of…

Tischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelm

(Encyclopedia) Tischbein, Johann Heinrich WilhelmTischbein, Johann Heinrich Wilhelmyōˈhän hīnˈrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm tĭshˈbīn [key], 1751–1829, German classical painter and etcher. He was a popular portrait…

Sickingen, Franz von

(Encyclopedia) Sickingen, Franz vonSickingen, Franz vonfränts fən zĭˈkĭngən [key], 1481–1523, German knight. Placed under the ban of the Holy Roman Empire because of his profitable forays along the…

Merck, Johann Heinrich

(Encyclopedia) Merck, Johann HeinrichMerck, Johann Heinrichyōˈhän hīnˈrĭkh mĕrk [key], 1741–91, German critic. He was the counselor of many young writers, including Goethe, whose genius he was first…