 |
Notable Staffed Space Flights
Here is a table of staffed space flights including the names of astronauts, duration of the flights, and launch dates.
Designation
and country |
Date |
Astronauts |
Flight time |
Remarks |
| Vostok 1 (USSR) |
April 12, 1961 |
Yuri A. Gagarin |
1hr, 48 min |
First person in space. |
| MR III (U.S.) |
May 5, 1961 |
Alan B. Shepard, Jr. |
15 min |
Range 486 km (302 mi), peak 187 km
(116.5 mi); capsule recovered. First American in space. |
| Vostok 2 (USSR) |
Aug. 6–7, 1961 |
Gherman S. Titov |
25 hr, 18 min |
First long-duration flight. |
| MA VI (U.S.) |
Feb. 20, 1962 |
John H. Glenn, Jr. |
4 hr, 55 min |
First American in orbit. |
| MA IX (U.S.) |
May 15–16, 1963 |
L. Gordon Cooper, Jr. |
34 hr, 20 min |
Longest Mercury flight. |
| Vostok 6 (USSR) |
June 16–19, 1963 |
Valentina V. Tereshkova |
2 days, 22 hr,
50 min |
First woman in space. |
| Voskhod 1 (USSR) |
Oct. 12, 1964 |
Vladimir M. Komarov,
Konstantin
P. Feoktistov,
Boris G. Yegorov |
24 hr, 17 min |
First 3-person orbital flight; also
first flight without space suits. |
| Voskhod 2 (USSR) |
March 18, 1965 |
Alexei A. Leonov,
Pavel I.
Belyayev |
26 hr, 2 min |
First “space walk” (by
Leonov), 10 min. |
| GT III (U.S.) |
March 23, 1965 |
Virgil I. Grissom,
John W.
Young |
4hr, 53 min |
First American 2-person crew. |
| GT IV (U.S.) |
June 3–7, 1965 |
James A. McDivitt,
Edward H.
White, II |
4 days, 1 hr,
48 min |
First American “space
walk” (by White), lasting slightly over 20 min. |
| GT VIII (U.S.) |
March 16–17, 1966 |
Neil A. Armstrong,
David R.
Scott |
10 hr, 42 min |
First docking between staffed
spacecraft and an unstaffed space vehicle (an orbiting Agena
rocket). |
| Apollo 7 (U.S.) |
Oct. 11–22, 1968 |
Walter M. Schirra, Jr.,
Donn F.
Eisele, R.
Walter Cunningham |
10 days, 19 hr,
9 min |
First staffed test of Apollo
command module; first live TV transmissions from orbit. |
| Soyuz 3 (USSR) |
Oct. 26–30, 1968 |
Georgi T. Bergeovoi |
3 days, 22 hr,
51 min |
First staffed rendezvous and possible
docking by Soviet cosmonaut. |
| Apollo 8 (U.S.) |
Dec. 21–27, 1968 |
Frank Borman,
James A. Lovell,
Jr.,
William A. Anders |
6 days, 3 hr |
First spacecraft in circumlunar orbit;
TV transmissions from this orbit. The three astronauts were also the
first astronauts to view the whole Earth. |
| Apollo 9 (U.S.) |
Mar. 3–13, 1969 |
James A. McDivitt,
David R.
Scott,
Russell L. Schweikart |
10 days, 1 hr,
1 min |
First staffed flight of Lunar
Module. |
| Apollo 10 (U.S.) |
May 18–26, 1969 |
Thomas P. Stafford,
Eugene A.
Cernan,
John W. Young |
8 days, 3 min |
First descent to within nine miles of
Moon's surface by staffed craft. |
| Apollo 11 (U.S.) |
July 16–24, 1969 |
Neil A. Armstrong,
Edwin E.
Aldrin, Jr.,
Michael Collins |
8 days, 3 hr,
18 min |
First staffed landing and EVA on
Moon;
soil and rock samples collected; experiments left on
lunar surface. |
| Soyuz 6 (USSR) |
Oct. 11–16, 1969 |
Gorgiy Shonin,
Valriy
Kabasov |
4 days,
22 hr,
42
min |
Three spacecraft and seven men put
into Earth's orbit simultaneously for first time. |
| Apollo 12 (U.S.) |
Nov. 14–24, 1969 |
Charles Conrad, Jr.,
Richard F.
Gordon, Jr.,
Alan Bean |
10 days,
4 hr,
36
min |
Staffed lunar landing mission;
investigated Surveyor 3 spacecraft; collected lunar samples.
EVA time: 15 hr, 30 min. |
| Apollo 13 (U.S.) |
April 11–17, 1970 |
James A. Lovell, Jr.,
Fred W.
Haise, Jr.,
John L. Swigert, Jr. |
5 days,
22 hr,
54
min |
Third staffed lunar landing attempt;
aborted due to pressure loss in liquid oxygen in service module and
failure of fuel cells. |
| Apollo 14 (U.S.) |
Jan. 31–Feb. 9, 1971 |
Alan B. Shepard,
Stuart A.
Roosa,
Edgar D. Mitchell |
9 days,
42 min |
Third staffed lunar landing: returned
largest amount of lunar material. |
| Soyuz 11 (USSR) |
June 6–30, 1971 |
Georgiy Tomofeyevich Dobrovolskiy,
Vladislav Nikolayevich Volkov, Viktor Ivanovich Patsyev |
23 days,
17 hrs,
40
min |
Longest stay in space. Linked up with
first space station, Salyut 1. Astronauts died just before
reentry due to loss of pressurization in
spacecraft. |
| Apollo 15 (U.S.) |
July 26–Aug. 7, 1971 |
David R. Scott,
James B. Irwin,
Alfred M. Worden |
12 days,
7 hr,
12
min |
Fourth staffed lunar landing; first
use of lunar rover propelled by Scott and Irwin; first live pictures
of LM lift-off from Moon; exploration time: 18 hr. |
| Apollo 16 (U.S.) |
April 16–27, 1972 |
John W. Young,
Thomas K.
Mattingly,
Charles M. Duke, Jr. |
11 days,
1 hr,
51
min |
Fifth staffed lunar landing; second
use of lunar rover vehicle, propelled by Young and Duke. Exploration
time: 20 hr, 14 min. Mattingly's in-flight “walk in
space” was 1 hr, 23 min. Approximately 213 lb of lunar rock
returned. |
| Apollo 17 (U.S.) |
Dec. 7–19, 1972 |
Eugene A. Cernan,
Ronald E.
Evans,
Harrison H. Schmitt |
12 days,
13 hr,
51
min |
Sixth and last staffed lunar landing;
third to carry lunar rover. Exploration time: 22 hr, 05 min, 3 sec.
250 lbs of lunar samples returned to Earth. |
| Skylab SL-2 (U.S.) |
May 25–June 22, 1973 |
Charles Conrad, Jr.,
Joseph P.
Kerwin,
Paul J. Weitz |
28 days,
50 min |
First staffed Skylab launch.
Established Skylab Orbital Assembly and conducted scientific and
medical
experiments. |
| Skylab SL-3 (U.S.) |
July 28–Sept. 25, 1973 |
Alan L. Bean, Jr.,
Jack R.
Lousma,
Owen K. Garriott |
59 days,
11 hr,
9
min |
Second staffed Skylab launch.
New crew remained in space for 59 days, continuing scientific and
medical experiments and Earth observations from orbit. |
| Skylab SL-4 (U.S.) |
Nov. 16, 1973–
Feb. 8,
1974 |
Gerald Carr,
Edward Gibson,
William Pogue |
84 days,
1 hr,
16
min |
Third staffed Skylab launch;
obtained medical data on crew for use in extending the duration of
staffed space flight; crews “walked in space” 4 times,
totaling 44 hr, 40 min. Splashdown in Pacific, Feb. 9, 1974. |
Apollo/Soyuz
Test
Project
(U.S. and USSR) |
July 15–24,
1975
(U.S.) |
U.S.: Brig. Gen. Thomas P. Stafford,
Vance D. Brand, Donald K. Slayton |
9 days,
5 min |
World's first international staffed
rendezvous and docking in space; aimed at developing a space rescue
capability. |
Apollo/Soyuz
Test
Project
(U.S. and USSR) |
July 15–21,
1975
(USSR) |
USSR: Col. A. A. Leonov,
V. N.
Kubasov |
9 days,
7 hr,
35 min |
Apollo and Soyuz docked
and crewmen exchanged visits on July 17, 1975. Mission duration for
Soyuz: 142 hr, 31 min. For Apollo: 217 hr, 28
min. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
April 12–14, 1981 |
Capt. Robert L. Crippen,
John W.
Young |
2 days, 5 hr,
20 min |
Maiden voyage of space shuttle. |
| Salyut 7 (USSR) |
Feb. 8, 1984–
Oct. 2,
1985 |
Leonid Kizim,
Vladimir Solovyov,
Oleg Atkov |
237 days |
Set a record for Soviet team endurance
flight in orbiting space station. |
| Challenger (U.S.) |
Jan. 28, 1986 |
Francis R. Scobee, Gregory Jarvis,
Christa McAuliffe, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Judith Resnik,
Michael Smith |
73 sec |
Exploded upon takeoff from Kennedy
Space Center, killing all 7 crew members. A booster lock ignited the
fuel, causing the explosion. |
| Mir (USSR) |
Feb. 8, 1987–
Dec. 29,
1987 |
Yuri V. Romanenko1 |
326.5 days |
Set a record for Soviet single
endurance flight in orbiting space station. |
| Mir (USSR) |
Dec. 21, 1987–
Dec. 21,
1988 |
Col. Vladimir Titov,
Musa
Manarov |
366 days |
Set current record for Soviet team
endurance flight in orbiting space station. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
May 7–16, 1992 |
Richard J. Hieb,
Maj. Thomas D.
Akers,
Cdr. Pierre J. Thugt |
8 days,
23 hr,
17 min |
The three mission specialists remained
free of the Endeavour for 8 hr, 20 min on May 13 during the
repair of communications satellite, setting an absolute record for
extravehicular duration in space. First capture of a satellite using
hands only. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Dec. 2–13, 1993 |
Col. Richard O. Covey, Cdr. Kenneth D.
Bowersox, Lt. Col. Tom Akers, Dr. Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Dr. Story
Musgrave, Claude Nicollier, Dr. Kathryn C. Thornton |
10 days,
19 hr,
59 min |
Repaired Hubble Space Telescope.
Replaced gyroscopes, solar arrays, camera, electronics, and
hardware. Installed COSTAR corrective optics to compensate for flaw
in Hubble's primary mirror. Record five space walks in a single
mission. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Feb. 3–11, 1994 |
Col. Charles F. Bolden, Capt. Kenneth
S. Reightier, Jr., Dr. N. Jan Davis, Dr. Frankling R. Chang-Diaz,
Dr. Ronald M. Sega, Russian cosmonaut Sergei K. Krikalev |
8 days,
7 hr,
22 sec. |
Test flight of Wake Shield Facility,
an
experimental, retrievable, free-flying satellite for use in
developing exotic materials. Cargo bay carried a private, commercial
pressurized-laboratory, Spacehab, for experimental use,
leased by NASA. Crew member Sergei K. Krikalev was first Russian
cosmonaut to be launched in an American spacecraft. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
July 8–23, 1994 |
Col. Robert D. Cabana, Lt. Col. James
D. Halsell, Jr., Richard J. Heib, Lt. Col. Carl E. Walz, Dr. Leroy
Chiao, Dr. Donald A. Thomas, Dr. Chiaki Naito-Mukai (the first
Japanese woman astronaut) |
14 days,
17 hr,
55 min |
Studied the effects of limited gravity
of orbital flight on materials and living things including goldfish,
killifish, jellyfish, sea urchins, and Japanese red-bellied
newts. |
| Mir-17 (Russia) |
Jan. 8, 1994–
Mar. 22,
1995 |
Dr. Valery Polyakov |
4392 days |
Record single endurance flight in
orbiting space station. Returned to Earth with crewmates, cosmonaut
Helena Kondakova and commander Alexander Viktorenko, who spent 169
days each in Mir. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Feb. 3–11, 1995 |
Cdr. James D. Wetherbee, Lt. Col.
Eileen M. Collins, Dr. Janice Voss, Dr. Bernard A. Harris, Jr., Dr.
C. Michael Foale, Russian cosmonaut Co. Vladimir G. Titov |
8 days,
6 hr,
29 min |
First rendezvous of U.S. spacecraft
with a Russian space station (Mir), Feb. 6. Lt. Col. Collins
was first female shuttle pilot. Deployed and retrieved solar
observatory satellite. Extravehicular activity to test new space
suit modifications and practice space station assembly techniques.
EVA time: 4 hr, 35 min. |
| Soyuz TM-21 (Russia) |
March 14–22, 1995 |
Russian cosmonauts Lt. Col. Vladimir
N. Dezhurov and Gennady M. Strekalov, and U.S. astronaut Dr. Norman
E. Thagard |
|
Dr. Thagard became the first American
astronaut to fly aboard a Soyuz spacecraft with a Russian
crew and the first American to enter the Mir space station on
March 16. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
June 27–July 7, 1995 |
Lt. Col. Charles J. Prescourt, Capt.
Robert L. (Hoot) Gibson, Dr. Eileen S. Baker, Gregory J. Harbaugh,
Dr. Bonnie Dunbar; Russians: Commander Anatoly Y. Solovyev, Nikolai
M. Budarin |
10 days |
Marked 100th human mission in U.S.
space program and first shuttle link-up with Mir: docked June
29, undocked July 4. Joined spacecraft held a record 10 people: 6
Americans and 4 Russians. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
Nov. 12–20, 1995 |
Col. Kenneth D. Cameron, Lt. Col.
James D. Halsell, Jr., Col. Jerry L. Ross, Lt. Col. William S.
McArthur, Jr., Canadian Major Chris A. Hadfield, who operated the
robot arm |
8 days,
4 hr,
31 min |
Second docking with Mir.
Carried 15-foot-long, Russian-made docking module. U.S. and Russian
astronauts spent 3 days together on Mir conducting
experiments. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Jan. 11–20, 1996 |
Col. Brian Duffy, Brent Jett, Dr.
Leroy Chiao, Capt. Winston E. Scott, Dr. Daniel T. Berry, and
Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata, who operated robot arm |
8 days,
22 hr,
1 min |
Deployed and retrieved NASA satellite,
retrieved Japanese satellite. Two spacewalks performed to test
spacesuit components and practice space station construction, tools,
and techniques. Total EVA time: 13 hr. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
Feb. 22–March 9, 1996 |
Lt. Col. Andrew M. Allen, Lt. Col.
Scott J. Horowitz, Dr. Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, Dr. Jeffrey A.
Hoffman, Italian astronauts Maurizio Cheli and Dr. Umberto Guidoni,
Swiss astronaut Nicollier Claude |
15 days,
17 hr,
40 min |
Microgravity research flight. Second
attempt to deploy Italian-built electricity-conducting satellite
failed when metallic debris punctured insulation and broke tether
after it was unreeled to almost its full 12.5 mile length. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
March 22–31, 1996 |
Col. Kevin P. Chilton, Lt. Col.
Richard A. Searfoss, Dr. Ronald M. Sega, Dr. Linda M. Goodwin, Lt.
Col. Michael R. Clifford, Shannon W. Lucid |
9 days,
5 hr,
15 min |
Third link-up with Mir (March
22–27). Lucid remained on board Mir to conduct
biomedical and material science experiments. Lucid was the first
American woman to live on Mir. On July 15, 1996, she broke
the previous record for the longest U.S. manned space flight. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
May 19–29, 1996 |
Col. John H. Casper, Lt. Col. Curtis
L. Brown, Jr., Cdr. Daniel W. Bursch, Mario Runco, Jr., Dr. Andrew
S. W. Thomas, Canadian astronaut Dr. Marc Garneau |
10 days,
0 hr,
40 min |
Made record of four satellite
rendezvous, including three with small PAMS satellite to test the
concept of a self-stabilizing satellite in orbit. Deployed and
retrieved a Spartan satellite that carried an experimental
inflatable antenna. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
June 20–July 7, 1996 |
Col. Terence T. Henricks, Kevin R.
Kregel, Lt. Col. Susan J. Helms, Richard M. Linnehan, Cdr. Charles
E. Brady, Jr., Dr. Jean-Jacques Favier (France), Dr. Robert Brent
Thirsk (Canada) |
16 days,
21 hr,
48 min |
Studied the effects of weightlessness
on people, plants, and animals, and material manufacturing in
near-zero gravity. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
Sept. 16–26, 1996 |
William F. Readdy, Terrence W.
Wilcutt, Thomas D. Akers, John E. Blaha, Jerome Apt, Carl E. Walz.
Download: Shannon W. Lucid |
10 days,
3hr,
19 min |
Fourth Mir docking. Carried a
Spacelab module. Transferred supplies and equipment to Mir.
After breaking all American and women's space endurance records (188
days, 5 hr, 0 min), Lucid returned with Atlantis crew. John
E. Blaha remained on Mir for a four-month stay. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
Nov. 19–Dec. 7, 1996 |
Kenneth D. Cockrell, Cdr. Kent V.
Romingel, Tamara E. Jernigan, Thomas D. Jones, Dr. F. Story
Musgrave |
17 days,
15 hr,
53
min |
Deployed and recovered two free-flying
satellites: an ultraviolet telescope and Wake Shield (semiconductor
processing) Facility. Dr. Musgrave, 61, became first person to fly
on all five space shuttles. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
Jan. 12–22, 1997 |
Capt. Michael A. Baker, Cdr. Brent W.
Jett, Jr., John M. Grunsfeld, Marsha S. Ivins, Peter J.K. Wiscoff,
Dr. Jerry L. Linenger. Download: John E. Blaha |
10 days,
4 hr,
6 min |
Fifth Mir docking
(Jan.14–19). Carried Spacehab double module. Transferred
supplies to Mir. Conducted experiments in Spacehab and
Mir. John E. Blaha returned with Atlantis crew after
128 days in space, 118 aboard Mir. Jerry Linenger remained
aboard Mir for 4.5-month stay. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Feb. 11–21, 1997 |
Cdr. Kenneth Bowersox, Lt. Col. Scott
J. Harowitz, Col. Mark C. Lee, Steven A. Hawley, Gregory J.
Harbaugh, Steven L. Smith, Joseph R. Tanner |
9 days,
23 hr,
38 min |
Second space telescope servicing
mission. Installed new imaging spectrograph and infrared camera.
Also patched torn telescope insulating cover. Deployed telescope at
higher altitude: 335 x 321 nautical mile orbit. Mission required
five spacewalks totaling 33 hr, 11 min. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
May 15–24,1997 |
Col. Charles J. Precourt, Lt. Col.
Eileen M.
Collins, Edward T. Lu, Maj. Carlos I. Noriega,
Jean-François Clervoy (France), Elena V. Kondakova (Russia),
C. Michael Foale. Download: Dr. Jerry M. Linenger |
9 days,
5 hr,
20 min |
Sixth Mir docking (May
16–21). Carried a Spacehab double module. Transferred supplies
and equipment. Jerry M. Linenger returned with Atlantis after
132 days in space. Michael Foale remained on Mir for a
4.5-month stay. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Aug. 7–19, 1997 |
Lt. Col. Curtis L. Brown, Jr., Cdr.
Kent V. Rominger, N. Jan Davis, Lt. Cdr. Robert L. Curbeam, Jr.,
Stephen K. Robinson, Bjarni Tryggvason (Canada) |
11 days, 20 hr, 28 min |
Deployed Shuttle Pallet satellite with
scientific instruments to study changes in Earth's atmosphere. Also
conducted experiments with shuttle's robot arm for possible
applications in Japanese experimental module of space station. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
Sept. 25–Oct. 6, 1997 |
James T. Wetherbee, Michael J.
Boomfield, Col. Vladimir G Titov, Scott E. Parazynski, Jean-Loup J.
M. Chretien (France), Wendy B. Lawrence. Up: Dr. David Wolf. Down:
C. Michael Foale |
10 days, 19 hr, 22 min |
Seventh Mir docking (Sept.
27–Oct. 3). 5-hr spacewalks (Oct.1) retrieved U.S.
experimental packages from Mir for return to Earth.
Transferred supplies. Tested emergency jet packs for space station
workers. Dr. David Wolf replaced Michael Foale on Mir for
4-month stay. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Jan. 22–31, 1998 |
Lt. Col. Terrence W. Wilcutt, Joe F.
Edwards, Bonnie J. Dunbar, Maj. Michael P. Anderson, James F.
Reilly, II, Salizhan S. Sharipov (Kyrgyzstan). Up: Andrew S. W.
Thomas. Down: Dr. David Wol |
8 days, 19 hr, 48 min |
Eighth Mir docking (Jan.
24–29). Thomas replaced David Wolf after 128 days in orbit.
Thomas is the seventh and last American to live aboard
Mir. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
June 2–12, 1998 |
Col. Charles J. Precourt, Cmdr.
Dominic L. Gorie, Cmdr. Wendy B. Lawrence, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz,
Janet Kavandi, Valeriy Ruymin (Russia). Down: Andrew S. W.
Thomas |
9 days, 19 hr, 54 min |
Ninth and final Mir docking
mission concluded the joint U.S.–Russian program as a
precursor to the International Space Station partnership. Thomas
returned to Earth after a 4.5-month stay. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Oct. 29–Nov.7, 1998 |
Lt. Col. Curtis L. Brown, Maj. Steven
W. Lindsey, Stephen K. Robinson, Dr. Scott E. Parazynski, Pedro
Duque (Spain), Dr. Chiaki Mukai (Japan), Sen. John H. Glenn,
Jr. |
8 days, 21 hr, 56 min |
Deployed and retrieved Spartan solar
observing satellite. Did research with Hubble Telescope Optical
Systems Test Platform (HOST). Studied the effects of aging and
microgravity in space. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Dec. 4–15, 1998 |
Col. Robert D. Cabana, Capt. Frederick
W. Sturckow, Lt. Col. Nancy Currie, Col. Jerry L. Ross, James H.
Newman, Sergei K. Krikalev (Russia) |
11 days, 19 hr, 18 min |
International Space Station assembly
mission. Connected Node 1, “Unity,” to Functional Cargo
Block, “Zarya.” Ross and Newman made three spacewalks,
total EVA: 21 hr, 22 min. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
May 27–June 6, 1999 |
Cmdr. Ken V. Rominger, Rick D.
Husband, Ellen Ochoa, Tamara E. Jernigan, Daniel T. Barry, Julie
Payette (Canada), Valery Tokarev (Russia) |
9 days, 19 hr, 13 min |
Docked 5 days, 18 hr with uninhabited
International Space Station. Readied it for arrival of first
resident crew. Jernigan and Barry conducted space walks (7 hr, 55
min) for assembly work. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
July 22–27, 1999 |
Lt. Col. Eileen M. Collins, Capt.
Jeffrey S. Ashby, Steven A. Hawley, Lt. Col. Catherine G. Coleman,
Col. Michel Tognini (France) |
4 days, 22 hr, 50 min |
Deployed Chandra X-ray Observatory
(formerly AXAF). Eileen Collins became the first female shuttle
commander. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Dec. 19–27, 1999 |
Col. Curtis L. Brown Jr., Lt. Cmdr.
Scott J. Kelly, Steven L. Smith, C. Michael Foale, John M.
Grunsfeld, Claude Nicollier (Switzerland), Jean-François
Clervoy (France) |
7 days, 23 hr, 10 min |
Third Hubble Space Telescope servicing
mission. Three EVAs totaled 24 hr, 33 min: Dec. 22, Smith and
Grunsfeld, 8 hr, 15 min; Dec. 23, Foale and Nicollier, 8 hr, 10 min;
Dec. 24, Smith and Grunsfeld, 8 hr, 8 min. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Feb.11–22, 2000 |
Cmdr. Dominic L. Pudwill Gorie, Janet
Lynn Kavandi, Janet Voss, Kevin R. Kregel, Mamoru Mohri (Japan),
Gerhard P. J. Thiele (Germany) |
11 days, 5 hr, 38 min |
Radar mapping obtained most detailed
topographical map of Earth to date. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
May 19–29, 2000 |
Col. James D. Halsell, Jr., Lt. Col.
Scott J. Horowitz, Mary Ellen Weber, Lt. Col. (Ret.) Jeffrey N.
Williams, Col. James S. Voss, Lt. Col. Susan J. Helms, Yuri V.
Usachev (Russia) |
9 days, 20 hr, 9 min |
Docked with International Space
Station May 20–26. Prepared station for arrival of
Zvezda (Star) service module. EVAs by Voss and
Williams May 21–22 totaled 6 hr, 44 min. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
Sept. 8–18, 2000 |
Lt. Col. Terance Wilcutt, Lt. Cmdr.
Scott Altman, Edward Tsang Lu, Richard Mastracchio, Lt. Cmdr. Dan
Burbank, Col. Yuri I. Malenchenko (Russia), Boris Morukov
(Russia) |
10 days, 18 hr, 41 min |
Prepared International Space Station
for arrival of first resident crew. Outfitted Zvezda
module. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Oct. 11–22, 2000 |
Col. Brian Duffy, Lt. Col. Pamela A.
Melroy, Koichi Wakata (Japan), Peter J. K. Wisoff, Cmdr. Michael E.
Lopez-Alegria, Col. William S. McArthur, Jr. |
10 days, 19 hr, 28 min |
Assembled Integrated Truss Structure
on space station to allow solar arrays to be installed. 100th space
shuttle flight. |
| Soyuz (Russia) |
Oct. 31, 2000–March 18,
2001 |
William M. Shepherd, Yuri Gidzenko
(Russia), Sergei Krikalev (Russia) |
138 days, 18 hr, 39 min |
Expedition One, first crew aboard
International Space Station. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Nov. 30–Dec. 11, 2000 |
Capt. Brent W. Jett, Lt. Col. Michael
Bloomfield, Joseph R. Tanner, Marc Garneau (Canada), Lt. Col. Carlos
I. Noriega |
10 days, 19 hr, 57 min |
Delivered and attached giant solar
arrays to International Space Station. Solar equipment quintupled
station's electrical power. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
Feb. 7–20, 2001 |
Kenneth D. Cockrell, Mark L. Polansky,
Cmdr. Robert L. Curbeam, Marsha S. Ivins, Thomas D. Jones. |
12 days, 21 hr, 20 min |
Delivered new U.S. laboratory Destiny
to International Space Station. Three EVAs to install Destiny.
Arrival of modular lab brings space station's mass to about 112
tons, surpassing Mir for the first time. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
March 8–21, 2001 |
Capt. James D. Wetherbee, Lt. Col.
James M. Kelly, Andrew S. W. Thomas, Paul W. Richards, Yury Usachev
(Russia), Jim Voss, Susan Helms |
12 days, 19 hr, 49 min |
Delivered Expedition Two crew
(Usachev, Voss, Helms) to space station and returned Expedition One
crew (Shepherd, Krikalev, Gidzenko) to Earth. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
April 19–May 1, 2001 |
Capt. Kent Rominger, Capt. Jeffrey
Ashby, Col. Chris Hadfield (Canada), Dr. John Phillips, Dr. Scott
Parazynski, Dr. Umberto Guidoni (Italy), Lt. Col. Yuri Lonchakov
(Russia) |
11 days, 21 hr, 30 min |
Most international crew members to
date. Delivered and installed Canadarm2. First use of the Raffaello
Multi-Purpose Logistics Module. Two space walks. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Aug. 10–Aug. 22, 2001 |
Col. Scott J. Horowitz, Lt. Col.
Frederick W. Sturckow, Col. Patrick G. Forrester, Daniel T. Barry,
Frank Culbertson, Lt. Col. Vladimir Dezhurov (Russia), Mikhail
Tyurin (Russia) |
11 days, 21 hr, 13 min |
Delivered Expedition Three crew
(Culbertson, Dezhurov, Tyurin) to space station and returned
Expedition Two crew (Usachev, Voss, Helms) to Earth. |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
Dec. 5–17, 2001 |
Capt. Dominic Gorie, Lt. Cmdr. Mark E.
Kelly, Linda M. Godwin, Daniel M. Tani, Col. Yuri Onufrienko
(Russia), Col. Carl E. Walz, Capt. Daniel W. Bursch |
11 days, 19 hr, 36 min |
Delivered Expedition Four crew
(Onufrienko, Walz, Bursch) to space station and returned Expedition
Three crew (Culbertson, Tyurin, Dezhurov) to Earth. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
March 1–12, 2002 |
Cmdr. Scott Altman, Lt. Col. Duane
Carey, Nancy Currie, John Grunsfield, Richard Linnehan, Michael
Massimino, James Newman |
10 days, 22 hr, 10 min |
Fourth Hubble Space Telescope
servicing mission. The latest upgrades leave Hubble with a new power
unit, camera, and solar arrays. Five EVAs lasted a total of 35 hr 55
min. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
April 8–19, 2002 |
Lt. Col. Michael Bloomfield, Stephen
Frick, Rex Walheim, Ellen Ochoa, Lee Morin, Jerry Ross, Steven
Smith. |
10 days, 19 hr, 42 min |
Installed S0 (S-Zero) Truss, the
backbone for future expansion, onto International Space Station.
Prepared Mobile Transporter, first railroad in space. Jerry Ross
made two space walks, retaining U.S. record for most space walks
(nine) and total space-walking time (58 hr, 18 min). |
| Endeavour (U.S.) |
June 5–19, 2002 |
Kenneth D. Cockrell, Lt. Col. Paul
Lockhart, Philippe Perrin (France), Franklin Chang-Diaz, Col. Valery
Korzun (Russia), Peggy Whitson, Sergei Treschev (Russia). |
13 days, 20 hr, 35 min |
Delivered Expedition Five crew
(Korzun, Whitson, Treschev) to space station and returned Expedition
Four crew (Onufrienko, Walz, Bursch) to Earth. On June 19, Walz and
Bursch broke the U.S. space flight endurance record (previously held
by Shannon Lucid, who spent 188 days in space in 1996). The two
spent a total of 196 days in space. |
| Columbia (U.S.) |
Jan. 16–Feb. 1, 2003 |
Rick Husband, William McCool, Michael
Anderson, Kalpana Chawla, David Brown, Laurel B. Clark, Ilan
Ramon |
16 days |
Exploded upon reentry into Earth's
atmosphere, killing all 7 crew members. |
| Soyuz TMA-2 (Russia) |
Apr. 26–Oct. 28, 2003 |
Yuri Malenchenko (Russia), Ed Lu, Ken
Bowersox, Don Pettit, Nikolai Budarin (Russia) |
185 days |
With shuttle flights grounded,
Soyuz TMA-2 delivered Expedition Seven crew (Malenchenko, Lu)
to space station. Expedition Six crew (Bowersox, Pettit, Budarin)
returned to Earth via Soyuz TMA-1, docked at space station
since Dec. 1, 2002(3). On Aug. 10,
Malenchenko became the first man to get married from space. |
| Shenzhou V (China) |
Oct. 15–16, 2003 |
Lt. Col. Yang Liwei |
21 hr |
With the launch of Shenzhou V,
China became the third country, after the former Soviet Union and
the United States, to have a space program. |
| SpaceShipOne (U.S.,
private) |
June 21, 2004 |
Mike Melvill |
4.5 hr |
The first private staffed ship to
leave the atmosphere. It achieved an altitude of 328,491 ft. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
July 26–Aug. 7, 2005 |
Eileen Collins, James Kelly, Charles
Camarda, Wendy Lawrence, Soichi Noguchi, Steve Robinson, Andy
Thomas |
13 days |
First shuttle flight since
Columbia disaster. Mission was to test new safety features
and deliver equipment to the International Space Station. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
July 4–17, 2006 |
Steven Lindsey, Mark Kelly, Lisa
Nowak, Michael Fossum, Stephanie Wilson, Piers Sellers, Thomas
Reiters |
13 days |
Mission to test new safety features,
deliver equipment to, and perform maintenance on the International
Space Station. |
| Atlantis (U.S.) |
June 8–22, 2007 |
Fred Sturckow, Lee Archambault, James
Reilly, Steven Swanson, Patrick Gorrester, John Olivas, Sunita
Williams, Clayton Anderson |
14 days |
Mission to deliver starboard truss
segments and a pair of solar arrays to the International Space
Station. |
| Discovery (U.S.) |
Feb. 24–March 9, 2011 |
Steven Lindsey, Eric Boe, Nicole Stott, Alvin Drew, Michael Barratt, Stephen Bowen |
12 days |
Mission to deliver several items to the International Space Station, including the Permanent Multipurpose Module Leonardo, which was left permanently docked to one of the station's ports. This was Discovery's final mission. |
NOTES: EVA = Extravehicular Activity. The
letters MR stand for Mercury (capsule) and Redstone (rocket); MA, for
Mercury and Atlas (rocket); GT, for Gemini (capsule) and Titan-II
(rocket). The first astronaut listed in the Gemini and Apollo flights is
the command pilot. The Mercury capsules had names: MR-III was Freedom
7, MR-IV was Liberty Bell 7, MA-VI was Friendship 7,
MA-VII was Aurora 7, MA-VIII was Sigma 7, and MA-IX was
Faith 7. The figure 7 referred to the fact that the first group of
U.S. astronauts numbered seven men. Only one Gemini capsule had a name:
GT-III was called Molly Brown (after the Broadway musical The
Unsinkable Molly Brown); thereafter the practice of naming the
capsules was discontinued. 1. Returned
to Earth with two fellow cosmonauts, Aleksandr P. Aleksandrov and Anatoly
Levchenko, who had spent a shorter stay aboard the Mir. 2. From launch to landing. 3. Soyuz TMA-1 returned May 3, 2003. Fact Monster/Information Please®
Database, © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
More on Notable Staffed Space Flights from Infoplease:
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- Neil Armstrong - Biography of Neil Armstrong, The first human to walk on the moon
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