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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—OhioTAFT, Robert Alphonso
(1889—1953)
Senate Years of Service:
1939-1953
Party:
Republican
TAFT, Robert Alphonso, (son of President William H. Taft, nephew of Charles Phelps Taft, father of Robert Taft, Jr.), a Senator from Ohio; born in Cincinnati, Ohio, September 8, 1889; attended the public schools of Cincinnati, Ohio, and of Manila, Philippine Islands, and Taft School, Watertown, Conn.; graduated from Yale University in 1910 and from Harvard University Law School in 1913; admitted to the Ohio bar in 1913 and commenced practice in Cincinnati, Ohio; director in a number of business enterprises in Cincinnati; assistant counsel, United States Food Administration 1917-1918; counsel, American Relief Administration 1919; member, Ohio house of representatives 1921-1926, serving as speaker and majority leader 1926; member, Ohio Senate 1931-1932; elected as a Republican to the United States Senate in 1938; reelected in 1944 and again in 1950 and served from January 3, 1939, until his death; majority leader 1953; co-chairman, Joint Committee on the Economic Report (Eightieth Congress), chairman, Committee on Labor and Public Welfare (Eightieth Congress), Republican Policy Committee (Eightieth through Eighty-second Congresses); sponsored the Taft-Hartley Act, designed to create equity in collective bargaining between labor and management; unsuccessful candidate in 1940, 1948, and 1952 for the Republican presidential nomination; died in New York City, July 31, 1953; lay in state in the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol, August 2-3, 1953; interment in Indian Hill Episcopal Church Cemetery, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Bibliography
American National Biography
; Dictionary of American Biography
; Patterson, James T. Mr. Republican: A Biography of Robert A. Taft
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972; Wunderlin, Clarence E. Robert A. Taft: Ideas, Tradition, and Party in U.S. Foreign Policy
. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2005.
Alexander, Holmes Moss. The Famous Five
. New York: Bookmailer, 1958.
Ambrose, Stephen E. “The Senator and the General.” Timeline
4 (February-March 1987): 2-15.
Armstrong, John P. “The Enigma of Senator Taft and Foreign Policy.” Review of Politics
17 (April 1955): 206-31.
___. “Senator Taft and American Foreign Policy: The Period of Opposition.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago, 1954.
Berger, Henry W. “Bipartisanship, Senator Taft, and the Truman Administration.” Political Science Quarterly
90 (Summer 1975): 221-37.
___. “A Conservative Critique of Containment: Senator Taft on the Early Cold War Program.” In Containment and Revolution
, edited by David Horowitz, pp. 125-39. Boston: Beacon Press, 1967.
___. “Senator Robert A. Taft Dissents from Military Escalation.” In Cold War Critics: Alternatives to American Foreign Policy in the Truman Years
, edited by Thomas G. Paterson, pp. 167-204. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1971.
Bowen, Michael. “Addition through Division: Robert Taft, the Labor Vote, and the Ohio Senate Election of 1950.” Ohio Valley History
5 (Fall 2005): 3-20.
Brown, Charles C. “Robert A. Taft, Champion of Public Housing and National Aid to Schools.” Cincinnati Historical Society Bulletin
26 (July 1968): 224-53.
Burd, Frank Albert. “Robert A. Taft and the American Understanding of Politics.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago, 1969.
Davies, Richard O. “ ‘Mr. Republican’ Turns ‘Socialist’: Robert A. Taft and Public Housing.” Ohio History
73 (Summer 1964): 135-43.
De John, Samuel, Jr. “Robert A. Taft, Economic Conservatism, and Opposition to United States Foreign Policy, 1944-1951.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Southern California, 1976.
Harnsberger, Caroline Thomas. A Man of Courage: Robert A. Taft
. Chicago: Wilcox Follett, 1952.
Isaacson, Pauline Helen. “Robert Alphonso Taft: An Assessment of a Persuader.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1957.
Kennedy, John F. “Robert A. Taft.” In Profiles in Courage
, pp. 211-24. 1956. Reprint. New York: Harper Brothers, 1961.
Kirk, Russell, and James McClellan. The Political Principles of Robert A. Taft
. New York: Fleet Press Corp., 1967.
Lehman, Ronald Frank, II. “Vandenberg, Taft, and Truman: Principle and Politics in the Announcement of the Truman Doctrine.” Ph.D. dissertation, Claremont Graduate School, 1975.
Matthews, Geoffrey. “Robert A. Taft, The Constitution and American Foreign Policy, 1939-1953.” Journal of Contemporary History
17 (1982): 507-22.
McManus, Thomas Reed. “A Study of Robert A. Taft’s Speeches on Social Welfare Issues.” Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University, 1960.
Merry, Robert W. “Robert A. Taft: A Study in the Accumulation of Legislative Power.” In First Among Equals: Outstanding Senate Leaders of the Twentieth Century
, edited by Richard A. Baker and Roger H. Davidson, pp. 163-98. Washington: Congressional Quarterly, 1991.
Patterson, James T. “Alternatives to Globalism: Robert A. Taft and American Foreign Policy, 1939-1945.” Historian
36 (August 1974): 670-88.
___. Mr. Republican: A Biography of Robert A. Taft
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1972.
___. “Robert A. Taft and American Foreign Policy, 1939-1945.” In Watershed of Empire: Essays on New Deal Foreign Policy
, edited by Leonard P. Liggio and James J. Martin, pp. 183-207. Colorado Springs: Ralph Myles, 1976.
Radosh, Ronald. “Robert A. Taft: A Noninterventionist Faces War.” In Prophets on the Right: Profiles of Conservative Critics of American Globalism
, pp. 119-45. New York: Simon Schuster, 1975.
___. “Robert A. Taft and the Emergence of the Cold War.” In Prophets on the Right: Profiles of Conservative Critics of American Globalism
, pp. 147-95. New York: Simon Schuster, 1975.
Rapp, Noel G. “The Political Speaking of Robert A. Taft, 1939-1953.” Ph.D. dissertation, Purdue University, 1955.
Ricks, John A., III. “ ‘Mr. Integrity’ and McCarthyism: Robert A. Taft, Sr. and Joseph R. McCarthy.” Cincinnati Historical Society Bulletin
37 (Fall 1979): 175-90.
___. “ ‘Mr. Integrity’ and McCarthyism: Senator Robert A. Taft and Senator Joseph R. McCarthy.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1974.
Robbins, Jhan, and June Robbins. Eight Weeks to Live: The Last Chapter in the Life of Robert A. Taft
. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Co., 1954.
Robbins, Phyllis. Robert A. Taft, Boy and Man
. Cambridge, MA: Dresser, Chapman Grimes, 1963.
Ross, Ishbel. An American Family: The Tafts
. Cleveland: World Publishing Co., 1964.
Smith, Thomas V., and Robert A. Taft. Foundations of Democracy: A Series of Debates
. 1939. Reprint. New York: Arno Press, 1974.
Taft, Robert Alphonso. “Federal-State Relations in Health, Education, and Welfare.” American Economic Security
10 (March-April 1953): 11-16.
___. A Foreign Policy for Americans
. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Co., 1951.
___. “The Issues in 1940.” Current History
51 (May 1940): 23, 56.
U.S. Congress. Memorial Services Held in the Rotunda of the Capitol, the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States, Together with Remarks Presented in Eulogy of Robert Alphonso Taft, Late a Senator from Ohio
. 83d Cong., 1st sess., 1953. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1954.
Van Dyke, Vernon, and Edward Lane Davis. “Senator Taft and American Security.” Journal of Politics
14 (May 1952): 177-202.
Wunderlin, Clarence E, et al. The Papers of Robert A. Taft
: vol I, 1889-1939; vol. II, 1939-1944. Kent, OH: The Kent State University Press, 1997.
___. Robert A. Taft: Ideas, Tradition, and Party in U.S. Foreign Policy
. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2005.
White, William Smith. The Taft Story
. New York: Harper Brothers, 1954.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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