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History and Government—Congressional Biographies—MaineBLAINE, James Gillespie
(1830—1893)
Senate Years of Service:
1876-1881
Party:
Republican
BLAINE, James Gillespie, a Representative and a Senator from Maine; born in West Brownsville, Washington County, Pa., January 31, 1830; graduated from Washington College, Washington, Pa., in 1847; taught at the Western Military Institute, Blue Lick Springs, Ky.; returned to Pennsylvania; studied law; taught at the Pennsylvania Institution for the Blind in Philadelphia 1852-1854; moved in 1854 to Maine, where he edited the Portland Advertiser and the Kennebec Journal; member, State house of representatives 1859-1862, serving the last two years as speaker; elected as a Republican to the Thirty-eighth and to the six succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1863, to July 10, 1876, when he resigned; Speaker of the House of Representatives (Forty-first through Forty-third Congresses); chairman, Committee on Rules (Forty-third through Forty-fifth Congresses); unsuccessful candidate for nomination for President on the Republican ticket in 1876 and 1880; appointed and subsequently elected as a Republican to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Lot M. Morrill; reelected and served from July 10, 1876, to March 5, 1881, when he resigned to become Secretary of State; chairman, Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment (Forty-fifth Congress), Committee on Rules (Forty-fifth Congress); Secretary of State in the Cabinets of Presidents James Garfield and Chester Arthur, from March 5 to December 12, 1881; unsuccessful Republican candidate for President of the United States in 1884; Secretary of State in the Cabinet of President Benjamin Harrison 1889-1892, when he resigned; aided in organizing and was the first president of the Pan American Congress; died in Washington, D.C., January 27, 1893; interment in Oak Hill Cemetery; reinterment at the request of the State of Maine in the Blaine Memorial Park, Augusta, Maine, in June 1920.
Bibliography
Dictionary of American Biography
; Blaine, James G. Twenty Years of Congress: From Lincoln to Garfield
. 2 vols. Norwich, Conn.: Henry Bill Publishing Co. 1884-1886; Healy, David. James G. Blaine and Latin America
. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001.
Bastert, Russell H. “Diplomatic Reversal: Frelinghuysen’s Opposition to Blaine’s Pan-American Policy in 1882.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review
42 (1955-1956): 653-71.
___. “A New Approach to the Origins of Blaine’s Pan American Policy.” Hispanic American Historical Review
39 (1959): 375-412.
Beale, Harriet Stanwood (Blaine), ed. Letters of Mrs. James G. Blaine
. 2 vols. New York: Duffield & Co., 1908.
Blaine, James G. Political Discussions, Legislative, Diplomatic, and Popular, 1856-1886
. Norwich, CT: Henry Bill Publishing Co., 1887.
___. “The Presidential Election of 1892.” North American Review
15 (November 1892): 513-525.
___. Twenty Years of Congress: From Lincoln to Garfield
. 2 vols. Norwich, Conn.: Henry Bill Publishing Co. 1884-1886
Coulter, E. Merton. “Amnesty for All Except Jefferson Davis: The Hill-Blaine Debate of 1876.” Georgia Historical Quarterly
56 (Winter 1972): 453-94.
Crapol, Edward P. James G. Blaine: Architect of Empire
. Wilmington, DE: SR Books, 2000.
Green, Steven K. “The Blaine Amendment Reconsidered.” American Journal of Legal History
36 (January 1992): 38-69.
Hamilton, Gail. Biography of James G. Blaine
. Norwich, Conn.: The Henry Bill Publishing Company, 1895.
Harrison, Robert. “Blaine and the Camerons: A Study in the Limits of Machine Power.” Pennsylvania History
49 (July 1982): 157-75.
Healy, David. James G. Blaine and Latin America
. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001.
Johnson, Willis Fletcher. Life of James G. Blaine, “The Plumed Knight.”
1892. Enlarged ed. Philadelphia: Atlantic Publishing Co., 1893.
Kitson, James T. “The Congressional Career of James G. Blaine, 1862-1876.” Ph.D. dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, 1971.
Klinkhamer, Marie Carolyn. “The Blaine Amendment of 1875: Private Motives for Political Action.” Catholic Historical Review
62 (April 1956): 15-49.
Maine. Legislature. Memorial Addresses on the Life and Character of James Gillespie Blaine of Augusta.
Augusta: Augusta, Burleigh & Flynt, 1893.
Muzzey, David S. James G. Blaine: A Political Idol of Other Days
. 1943. Reprint. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1963.
Peel, Roy Victor. “James G. Blaine: A Study in Political Leadership.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Chicago, 1927.
Peskin, Allan. “Blaine, Garfield, and Latin America: A New Look.” Americas
36 (July 1979): 79-89.
Pierce, James W. Life of the Honorable James G. Blaine, Containing an Account of His Last Sickness and Death.
Baltimore: R.H. Woodward & Co., 1893.
Rolde, Neil. Continental Liar From the State of Maine: James G. Blaine.
Gardiner, Maine: Tilbury House Publishers, 2007.
Russell, Charles Edward. Blaine of Maine: His Life and Times.
New York: Cosmopolitan Book Corp., 1931.
Sewell, Mike. “Political Rhetoric and Policy-Making: James G. Blaine and Britain.” Journal of American Studies
24 (April 1990): 61-84.
Sherman, Thomas Henry. Twenty Years with James G. Blaine
. New York: Grafton Press, 1928.
Spetter, Allan B. “Harrison and Blaine: Foreign Policy, 1889-1893.” Indiana Magazine of History
65 (September 1969): 215-27.
Stanwood, Edward. James Gillespie Blaine
. 1905. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1972.
Summers, Mark Wahlgren. Rum, Romanism, & Rebellion: The Making of a President 1884
. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
Tutorow, Norman E. James Gillespie Blaine and the Presidency
. New York: Peter Lang Co., 1989.
Tyler, Alice Felt. The Foreign Policy of James G. Blaine
. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1927. Reprinted, Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1965.
Volwiler, Albert T. “Harrison, Blaine, and American Foreign Policy, 1889-1893.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
79 (1938): 637-48.
Wilgus, A. Curtis. “James G. Blaine and the Pan American Movement.” Hispanic American Historical Review
5 (1922): 662-708.
Winchester, Richard C. “James G. Blaine and the Ideology of American Expansionism.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Rochester, 1966.
Source: Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1771-Present
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