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siamang

(Encyclopedia) siamang: see gibbon.

John Gibbon

John GibbonBorn: 1903 Heart-Lung Machine. Gibbon's development of the heart-lung machine made possible the first successful open-heart operation in 1953. Improved versions allow surgeons…

gibbon

(Encyclopedia) gibbon, small ape, family Hylobatidae, found in the forests of SE Asia. The gibbons are known as the small, or lesser, apes; they are the most highly adapted of the apes to arboreal…

Gibbon, Edward

(Encyclopedia) Gibbon, Edward, 1737–94, English historian, author of The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. His childhood was sickly, and he had little formal education but read…

Putney

(Encyclopedia) PutneyPutneypŭtˈnē [key], ward of Wandsworth borough, London, England. It is the starting point of the Oxford-Cambridge boat races. Thomas Cromwell and Edward Gibbon were born in…

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

Historical BackgroundThe McCulloch v. Maryland decision in 1819 fanned the flames of controversy over States' rights and national supremacy. By 1824, Chief Justice John Marshall had reached…

Bury, John Bagnell

(Encyclopedia) Bury, John BagnellBury, John Bagnellbăgˈnəl by&oobreve;ˈrē [key], Irish historian, an authority on the Byzantine Empire. He was professor at the Univ. of Dublin from 1893 to 1902…

Gibbon, John

(Encyclopedia) Gibbon, John, 1827–96, Union general in the Civil War, b. near Holmesburg (now part of Philadelphia), Pa., grad. West Point, 1847. Made a brigadier general of volunteers (1862), he…

Bowdler, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Bowdler, ThomasBowdler, Thomasboudˈlər, bōdˈ– [key], 1754–1825, English editor. He is best known for his Family Shakespeare (10 vol., 1818), an expurgated edition for family reading…

Stephen, Sir James

(Encyclopedia) Stephen, Sir James, 1789–1859, British colonial administrator; father of Leslie and James Fitzjames Stephen. He served (1825–35) as permanent counsel to the colonial office and Board…