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Burritt, Elihu

(Encyclopedia) Burritt, Elihu, 1810–79, American reformer, b. New Britain, Conn. A blacksmith, he studied mathematics, languages, and geography and became known as “the learned blacksmith.”…

Bernstorff, Andreas Peter

(Encyclopedia) Bernstorff, Andreas PeterBernstorff, Andreas Peterändrāˈäs pāˈtər bĕrnsˈtôrf [key], 1735–97, Danish politician; nephew of Johann Hartwig Ernst Bernstorff. Made (1773) foreign minister…

paramecium

(Encyclopedia) parameciumparameciumparəmēˈsĭəm [key], unicellular organism of the genus Paramecium, of the ciliate phylum Ciliophora found in freshwater throughout the world. Like other protozoans,…

Major, John, 1943–, British politician

(Encyclopedia) Major, John, 1943–, British statesman, b. John Major Ball. Raised in a working-class area of London, he was elected to Lambeth borough council (1968–71) and entered Parliament as a…

U-2 incident

(Encyclopedia) U-2 incident, in U.S. and Soviet history, the events following the Soviet downing of an American U-2 high altitude reconnaissance aircraft over Soviet territory on May 1, 1960. The…

Fenwick, John

(Encyclopedia) Fenwick, John, 1618–83, Quaker colonist in America, b. England. Planning to found a Quaker refuge in America, Fenwick obtained (1674) Lord Berkeley's share of New Jersey in trust for…

Ávila Camacho, Manuel

(Encyclopedia) Ávila Camacho, ManuelÁvila Camacho, Manuelmänwĕlˈ äˈvēlä kämäˈchō [key], 1897–1955, president of Mexico (1940–46). As a young man, Ávila Camacho joined the revolutionary forces. Later…

Berlage, Hendrik Petrus

(Encyclopedia) Berlage, Hendrik PetrusBerlage, Hendrik Petrushĕnˈdrək pāˈtrüs berläˈgə [key], 1856–1934, Dutch architect. In both his writings and architectural practice, Berlage advocated a return…

James II, king of Aragón and count of Barcelona

(Encyclopedia) James II, c.1260–1327, king of Aragón and count of Barcelona (1291–1327), king of Sicily (1285–95). He succeeded his father, Peter III, in Sicily and his brother, Alfonso III, in…

Worden, John Lorimer

(Encyclopedia) Worden, John LorimerWorden, John Lorimerwûrˈdən [key], 1818–97, American naval officer, b. Westchester co., N.Y. Appointed midshipman in 1834, he saw varied service before the Civil…