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Orbiting Solar Observatory

(Encyclopedia) Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO), series of eight orbiting observatories (see observatory, orbiting) launched between 1962 and 1971 by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration…

Shklovsky, Iosif Samuilovich

(Encyclopedia) Shklovsky, Iosif SamuilovichShklovsky, Iosif Samuilovichyôsˈĭf səm&oomacr;ēlˈəvĭch shklŏfˈskē [key], 1916–85, Soviet astronomer. He was head of the department of radio-astronomy at…

psychokinesis

(Encyclopedia) psychokinesis, movement or deformation of a physical object by thought or willpower alone (i.e., without the application of physical force). Telekinesis (sometimes abbreviated TK), an…

Cronin, James Watson

(Encyclopedia) Cronin, James Watson, 1931–2016, American nuclear physicist, b. Chicago, Ph.D. Univ. of Chicago, 1955. Cronin and co-researcher Val Logsdon Fitch were awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in…

Orbiting Geophysical Observatory

(Encyclopedia) Orbiting Geophysical Observatory (OGO), series of six orbiting observatories (see observatory, orbiting) launched between 1964 and 1969 by the National Aeronautics and Space…

martial arts

(Encyclopedia) martial arts, various forms of self-defense, usually weaponless, based on techniques developed in ancient China, India, and Tibet. In modern times they have come into wide use for self…

2002 Nobel Prize Winners

Peace: Jimmy Carter, former president of the United States, was cited for “his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human…