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Mountain, the

(Encyclopedia) Mountain, the, in French history, the label applied to deputies sitting on the raised left benches in the National Convention during the French Revolution. Members of the faction,…

Fouquier-Tinville, Antoine Quentin

(Encyclopedia) Fouquier-Tinville, Antoine QuentinFouquier-Tinville, Antoine QuentinäNtwänˈ käNtăNˈ f&oomacr;kyāˈ-tăNvēlˈ [key], 1746–95, French revolutionary. A lawyer, he was public prosecutor (…

fall, the

(Encyclopedia) fall, the, i.e., the fall of man, in Christian thought: see original sin; grace.

Jacobins

(Encyclopedia) JacobinsJacobinsjăkˈəbĭnz [key], political club of the French Revolution. Formed in 1789 by the Breton deputies to the States-General, it was reconstituted as the Society of Friends of…

Saint-Just, Louis de

(Encyclopedia) Saint-Just, Louis deSaint-Just, Louis delwēˈ də săN-zhüstˈ [key], 1767–94, French revolutionary. A member of the Convention from 1792, he became a favorite of Maximilien Robespierre…

Robespierre, Maximilien Marie Isidore

(Encyclopedia) Robespierre, Maximilien Marie IsidoreRobespierre, Maximilien Marie IsidoremäksēmēlyăNˈ märēˈ ēzēdôrˈ rôbĕspyĕrˈ, 1758–94, one of the leading figures of the French Revolution. The…

Plain, the

(Encyclopedia) Plain, the, in French history, term designating the independent members of the National Convention during the French Revolution. The name was applied to them because, in contrast to…

Maximilien Robespierre

Name at birth: Maximilien François Marie Isidore de RobespierreInfluenced by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Robespierre went from being active in the National Assembly of France to being a leader of the…

Mathiez, Albert

(Encyclopedia) Mathiez, AlbertMathiez, Albertälbĕrˈ mätyāˈ [key], 1874–1932, French historian, an authority on the French Revolution. He studied under Aulard, whose scientific method he adopted,…

Couthon, Georges

(Encyclopedia) Couthon, GeorgesCouthon, Georgeszhōrzh k&oomacr;tôNˈ [key], 1755?–1794, French revolutionary. An able lawyer, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly (1791) and to the…