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Childers, Robert Erskine

(Encyclopedia) Childers, Robert ErskineChilders, Robert Erskinechĭlˈdərz [key], 1870–1922, Irish politician and author. Born into a Protestant family, he was a clerk in the House of Commons (1895–…

Nesselrode, Karl Robert, Count

(Encyclopedia) Nesselrode, Karl Robert, CountNesselrode, Karl Robert, Countkärl rōˈbĕrt nyĕsĕlrôˈdyĭ [key], 1780–1862, Russian statesman of German descent, b. Lisbon. He entered diplomatic service…

Merton, Robert Carhart

(Encyclopedia) Merton, Robert Carhart, 1944–, American economist, b. New York City, Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1970. He has taught at MIT (1970–88, 2010–) and Harvard (1988–2010).…

Millikan, Robert Andrews

(Encyclopedia) Millikan, Robert AndrewsMillikan, Robert Andrewsmĭlˈĭkən [key], 1868–1953, American physicist and educator, b. Morrison, Ill., grad. Oberlin College, 1891, Ph.D. Columbia, 1895,…

Philip I, king of France

(Encyclopedia) Philip I, 1052–1108, king of France (1060–1108), son and successor of Henry I. He enlarged, by arms and by diplomacy, his small royal domain. In order to prevent the union of England…

Hugh Capet

(Encyclopedia) Hugh CapetHugh Capetkāˈpĭt, kăpˈĭt [key], c.938–996, king of France (987–96), first of the Capetians. He was the son of Hugh the Great, to whose vast territories he succeeded in 956.…

Lincoln, Mary Todd

(Encyclopedia) Lincoln, Mary Todd, 1818–82, wife of Abraham Lincoln, b. Lexington, Ky. Of a good Kentucky family, she was living with her sister, daughter-in-law of Gov. Ninian Edwards of Illinois,…

Rhett, Robert Barnwell

(Encyclopedia) Rhett, Robert Barnwell, 1800–1876, American politician, b. Beaufort, S.C. His family changed its name from Smith to Rhett (after a colonial ancestor) in 1837. A lawyer, he was a state…

Robert of Geneva

(Encyclopedia) Robert of Geneva, d. 1394, Genevan churchman, antipope (1378–94; see Schism, Great) with the name Clement VII. He was archbishop of Cambrai (1368) and was created (1371) a cardinal. He…

parliamentary law

(Encyclopedia) parliamentary law, rules under which deliberative bodies conduct their proceedings. In English-speaking countries these are based on the practice of the British Parliament, chiefly in…