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Gray, John Chipman

(Encyclopedia) Gray, John Chipman, 1839–1915, American lawyer and teacher, b. Brighton, Mass. A graduate of Harvard Law School (1861), he served in the Civil War and then entered law practice in…

chattel

(Encyclopedia) chattelchattelchătˈəl [key], in law, any property other than a freehold estate in land (see tenure). A chattel is treated as personal property rather than real property regardless of…

legacy

(Encyclopedia) legacy, bequest by will of personal property, similar in many respects to a gift causa mortis. A legacy ordinarily is distinguished from a devise, which transfers real property by will…

Greenleaf, Simon

(Encyclopedia) Greenleaf, Simon, 1783–1853, American legal writer, b. Newburyport, Mass. A member of the Maine bar, he won a high reputation for legal scholarship early in his career. With the…

land tax

(Encyclopedia) land tax, impost levied upon real property. It is sometimes called a real estate tax, especially when assessed against both improved and unimproved land. Probably the earliest direct…

sale, in law

(Encyclopedia) sale, in law, transfer of ownership in return for money. An exchange of goods for goods is termed barter, but the distinction between sale and barter is mainly technical; laws that…

trespass

(Encyclopedia) trespass, in law, any physical injury to the person or to property. In English common law the action of trespass first developed (13th cent.) to afford a remedy for injuries to…

Lerdo de Tejada, Miguel

(Encyclopedia) Lerdo de Tejada, MiguelLerdo de Tejada, Miguelmēgĕlˈ lĕrˈᵺō dā tāhäˈᵺä [key], d. 1861, Mexican liberal statesman, a leader of the Revolution of Ayutla, cabinet member under Juan…

property

(Encyclopedia) property, rights to the enjoyment of things of economic value, whether the enjoyment is exclusive or shared, present or prospective. The rightful possession of such rights is called…