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Raymond Berengar IV

(Encyclopedia) Raymond Berengar IVRaymond Berengar IVbĕrˈəngär [key], d. 1162, count of Barcelona (1131–62). He married Petronilla, daughter and heir of King Ramiro II of Aragón, after whose…

Raymond VI, count of Toulouse

(Encyclopedia) Raymond VI, 1156–1222, count of Toulouse (c.1194–1222). His tolerant attitude toward the Albigenses resulted in his repeated excommunication, although he temporarily made peace with…

Raymond, count of Tripoli

(Encyclopedia) Raymond, c.1140–1187, count of Tripoli (1152–87), great-great-grandson of Raymond IV of Toulouse. He played a leading part in the last years of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Captured…

Raymond VII, count of Toulouse

(Encyclopedia) Raymond VII, 1197–1249, count of Toulouse; son of Count Raymond VI. He fought with his father in the Albigensian Crusade (see under Albigenses), assisting Raymond VI in his attempt to…

Baldwin IV, Latin king of Jerusalem

(Encyclopedia) Baldwin IV (Baldwin the Leper), c.1161–1185, Latin king of Jerusalem (1174–85), son and successor of Amalric I. Raymond, count of Tripoli, was regent from 1174 to 1176. Baldwin was…

Alphonse

(Encyclopedia) AlphonseAlphonseälfôNsˈ [key], 1220–71, count of Poitiers and of Toulouse, brother of King Louis IX of France. By his marriage to the daughter of Raymond VII, count of Toulouse, he…

Casgrain, Henri Raymond

(Encyclopedia) Casgrain, Henri RaymondCasgrain, Henri RaymondäNrēˈ rāmôNˈ käsgrăNˈ [key], 1831–1904, French Canadian historian. He traveled widely in Europe, collecting documents relevant to Canadian…

Carver, Raymond

(Encyclopedia) Carver, Raymond, 1938–88, American short-story writer, b. Clatskanie, Oreg. He was raised in the Pacific Northwest, where he often set his sparely written tales of everyday blue-collar…

Radiguet, Raymond

(Encyclopedia) Radiguet, RaymondRadiguet, RaymondrāmôNˈ rädēgāˈ [key], 1903–23, French writer. In his brief career he wrote two penetrating novels—The Devil in the Flesh (1923, tr. 1932), a study of…

Montfort, Simon de

(Encyclopedia) Montfort, Simon deMontfort, Simon demŏntˈfərt, Fr. môNfôrˈ [key], c.1160–1218, count of Montfort and earl of Leicester. A participant in the Fourth Crusade (1202–4), he did not join in…