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dualism

(Encyclopedia) dualism, any philosophical system that seeks to explain all phenomena in terms of two distinct and irreducible principles. It is opposed to monism and pluralism. In Plato's philosophy…

Iamblichus

(Encyclopedia) IamblichusIamblichusīămˈblĭkəs [key], d. c.330, Syrian philosopher, a leading exponent of Neoplatonism. A pupil of Porphyry, he was deeply impressed by the doctrines of Plotinus. In…

Dionysius the Younger

(Encyclopedia) Dionysius the Younger, fl. 368–344 b.c., tyrant of Syracuse, son of Dionysius the Elder. He ended the war with Carthage and enlisted the support of the professional army. Neither…

Agathon

(Encyclopedia) AgathonAgathonăgˈəthŏn [key], c.450–c.400 b.c., Athenian tragedian. Plato's Symposium has as its scene the celebration of Agathon's first dramatic victory. Less than 40 lines of his…

Zoilus

(Encyclopedia) ZoilusZoiluszōˈĭləs [key], c.400–c.320 b.c., Greek rhetorician and philosopher of Amphipolis. He is called Homeromastix [scourge of Homer], because of his denunciations of Homer as a…

innate ideas

(Encyclopedia) innate ideas, in philosophy, concepts present in the mind at birth as opposed to concepts arrived at through experience. The theory has been advanced at various times in the history of…

Brewer's: Amicus Plato, sed magis amica Veritas

(Plato I love, but I love Truth more) A noble dictum attributed to Aristotle, but certainly a very free translation of a phrase in the Nicomachean Ethics (“Where both are friends, it is…

Jowett, Benjamin

(Encyclopedia) Jowett, BenjaminJowett, Benjaminjōˈət, jouˈət [key], 1817–93, English educator and Greek scholar, b. London. Jowett was a Church of England clergyman, master of Balliol College, Oxford…

George of Trebizond

(Encyclopedia) George of TrebizondGeorge of Trebizondtrĕbˈĭzŏnd [key], c.1396–1486, Greek scholar, b. Crete. Settling in Venice, he taught Greek, philosophy, and rhetoric there and in Vicenza before…

Strauss, Leo

(Encyclopedia) Strauss, Leo, 1899–1973, American philosopher, b. Hesse, Germany. Strauss fled the Nazis and in 1938 came to the United States, where he taught at the New School in New York City (1938…