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National Science Foundation

(Encyclopedia) National Science Foundation (NSF), an independent agency in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government concerned with promoting a national science policy by supporting basic…

McBay, Shirley

(Encyclopedia) McBay, Shirley , 1935-2021, American mathematician and educator, b. Bainbridge, Ga.,as Shirley Ann Mathis, Paine College (B.S., 1954),…

Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory

(Encyclopedia) Cerro Tololo Inter-American ObservatoryCerro Tololo Inter-American Observatorysāˈrō tōlōˈlō [key], astronomical observatory located on Cerro Tololo peak, Chile, with offices in La…

Conant, James Bryant

(Encyclopedia) Conant, James BryantConant, James Bryantkōˈnənt [key], 1893–1978, American educator, chemist, and diplomat, b. Dorchester, Mass., grad. Harvard (B.A., 1913; Ph.D., 1916). Except for a…

Deep Sea Drilling Project

(Encyclopedia) Deep Sea Drilling Project, U.S. program designed to investigate the evolution of ocean basins by core drilling of ocean sediments and underlying oceanic crust. Funded by the National…

Mohole, Project

(Encyclopedia) Mohole, Project, program proposed in 1957 to drill a hole down to the boundary between the crust and the mantle, known as the Mohorovičić discontinuity at about 4 to 43 mi (7 to 70 km…

Kitt Peak National Observatory

(Encyclopedia) Kitt Peak National Observatory, astronomical observatory located southwest of Tucson, Ariz.; it was founded in 1958 under contract with the National Science Foundation and is…

Arecibo Observatory

(Encyclopedia) Arecibo Observatory, radio-astronomy facility located near Arecibo, Puerto Rico, part of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center. Conceived by, designed by, and built under the…

National Radio Astronomy Observatory

(Encyclopedia) National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), federal observatory for radio astronomy, founded in 1956 and operated under contract with the National Science Foundation by Associated…