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Ashura

(Encyclopedia) Ashura, holy day in Islam, the 10th day of the month of Muharram. It commemorates the day Noah left the ark and the day Moses was saved by God from the Egyptians, and is a voluntary…

Ladakh

(Encyclopedia) LadakhLadakhlədäkˈ [key], region, 45,762 sq mi (118,524 sq km), E Kashmir, on the border of China. Leh is the chief town. Allied ethnologically and geographically with the Tibet region…

Lavigerie, Charles Martial Allemand

(Encyclopedia) Lavigerie, Charles Martial AllemandLavigerie, Charles Martial Allemandshärl märsēälˈ älmäNˈ lävēzhərēˈ [key], 1825–92, French churchman, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, b. near…

Hakam II, al-

(Encyclopedia) Hakam II, al-Hakam II, al-äl-häkämˈ [key], 914–76, Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (961–76), son and successor of Abd ar-Rahman III. In the early part of his reign he successfully waged war…

Hallaj, Hussein ibn Mansur al-

(Encyclopedia) Hallaj, Hussein ibn Mansur al-Hallaj, Hussein ibn Mansur al-h&oomacr;sānˈ ĭbn mäns&oobreve;rˈ [key], 857–922, Arabic-speaking Persian Muslim mystic and poet popularly known…

Hattin, Battle of

(Encyclopedia) Hattin, Battle ofHattin, Battle ofhättēnˈ [key], battle on July 4, 1187, in N Palestine, where Saladin's Muslim forces defeated the Christian armies of Guy de Lusignan. When Saladin…

genocide

(Encyclopedia) genocide, in international law, the intentional and systematic destruction, wholly or in part, by a government of a national, racial, religious, or ethnic group. Although the term…

Al Qaeda

(Encyclopedia) Al Qaeda or Al QaidaAl Qaidaäl kīˈĕdə, käˈĭdä [key] [Arab.,=the base], Sunni Islamic terrorist organization with the stated goals of uniting all Muslims and establishing a…

Welby, Justin Portal

(Encyclopedia) Welby, Justin Portal, 1956–, archbishop of Canterbury (2013–), b. London, grad. Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1978). An oil executive until 1989, he studied theology at St. John's…

Vincent Ferrer, Saint

(Encyclopedia) Vincent Ferrer, SaintVincent Ferrer, Saintfĕrˈər [key], 1350?–1419, Spanish Dominican preacher, b. Valencia. He studied at Barcelona, taught at Lleida, and later studied at Toulouse.…