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agate

(Encyclopedia) agateagateăgˈĭt [key], translucent, cryptocrystalline variety of quartz and a subvariety of chalcedony. Agates are identical in chemical structure to jasper, flint, chert, petrified…

Hedwig, Johann

(Encyclopedia) Hedwig, JohannHedwig, Johannyōˈhän hātˈvĭkh [key], 1730–99, German botanist, b. Transylvania. He was an authority on the lower plants, especially mosses, and was professor at the Univ…

mulch

(Encyclopedia) mulch, any material, usually organic, that is spread on the ground to protect the soil and the roots of plants from the effects of soil crusting, erosion, or freezing; it is also used…

club moss

(Encyclopedia) club moss, name generally used for the living species of the class Lycopodiopsida, a primitive subdivision of vascular plants. The Lycopodiopsida were a dominant plant group in the…

Hart, Moss

(Encyclopedia) Hart, Moss, 1904–61, American dramatist, b. New York City, studied at Columbia. His first important play, Once in a Lifetime (1930), marked the beginning of a long collaboration with…

Bryozoa

(Encyclopedia) BryozoaBryozoabrīˌəzōˈə [key], name of a phylum, in older systems of classification, that included the invertebrate animals now classified in the phyla Entoprocta and Ectoprocta. The…

Culver City

(Encyclopedia) Culver City, city (2020 pop. 40,779), Los Angeles co., S Calif., a residential suburb of Los Angeles; inc. 1917. Culver City's chief…

lichen

(Encyclopedia) lichenlichenlīˈkən [key], usually slow-growing organism of simple structure, composed of fungi (see Fungi) and photosynthetic green algae or cyanobacteria living together in a…

bog

(Encyclopedia) bog, very old lake without inlet or outlet that becomes acid and is gradually overgrown with a characteristic vegetation (see swamp). Peat moss, or sphagnum, grows around the edge of…

peat

(Encyclopedia) peat, soil material consisting of partially decomposed organic matter, found mainly in swamps and bogs in various parts of the northern temperate zone but also in some semitropical and…