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Mao Zedong

(Encyclopedia) Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tungMao Tse-tungmou dzŭ-d&oobreve;ng [key], 1893–1976, founder of the People's Republic of China. Mao was one of the most prominent Communist theoreticians…

Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (also Mao Tse-Tung) was the world's most prominent Chinese communist during the 20th century. Mao's Red Army overthrew Chiang Kai-Shek in 1949, and the communists seized power of mainland…

Cultural Revolution

(Encyclopedia) Cultural Revolution, 1966–76, mass mobilization of urban Chinese youth inaugurated by Mao Zedong in an attempt to prevent the development of a bureaucratized Soviet style of Communism…

Mao Dun

(Encyclopedia) Mao Dun: see: Mao Tun.

Mao Tun

(Encyclopedia) Mao Tun or Mao DunMao Dunmou d&oobreve;nˈ [key], pseud. of She Yen-pingShe Yen-pingshəˈ yĕnˈbĭngˈ [key], 1896–1981, Chinese novelist and Minister of Culture (1949–65). His fiction…

Red Guards

(Encyclopedia) Red Guards, in Chinese history, politically active students of the Cultural Revolution (1966–69), who organized units to carry out Mao Zedong's aim of rerevolutionizing Chinese society…

Jiang Qing

(Encyclopedia) Jiang Qing or Chiang Ch'ingChiang Ch'ingboth: jyäng jĭng [key], 1914–91, Chinese Communist political leader, wife of Mao Zedong. Born Li Jinhai or Li Shumeng, she was later known as Li…

Peng Dehuai

(Encyclopedia) Peng Dehuai or P'eng Teh-huaiP'eng Teh-huaiboth: pŭngˈ dŭˈhwīˈ [key], 1898–1974, Communist Chinese general and political leader. He held various command positions in the Red Army, and…

Great Leap Forward

(Encyclopedia) Great Leap Forward, 1957–60, Chinese economic plan aimed at revitalizing all sectors of the economy. Initiated by Mao Zedong, the plan emphasized decentralized, labor-intensive…

Communist party, in China

(Encyclopedia) Communist party, in China, ruling party of the world's most populous nation since 1949 and most important Communist party in the world since the disintegration of the USSR in 1991.…