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Barbie, Klaus

(Encyclopedia) Barbie, Klaus, 1913–91, Nazi war criminal known as the “Butcher of Lyons.” As Gestapo chief in Lyons, France (1942–44), he was responsible for the deaths of French Resistance members…

Koiso, Kuniaki

(Encyclopedia) Koiso, KuniakiKoiso, Kuniakik&oomacr;nēäˈkē koiˈsō [key], 1880–1950, Japanese general. He was chief of staff of the Kwantung army, commander in chief in Korea, and governor-general…

Trenck, Franz, Freiherr von der

(Encyclopedia) Trenck, Franz, Freiherr von derTrenck, Franz, Freiherr von derfränts frīˈhĕr fən dĕr trĕngk [key], 1711–49, Austrian officer and adventurer, b. Reggio di Calabria, Italy. A daring…

Raeder, Erich

(Encyclopedia) Raeder, ErichRaeder, Erichāˈrĭkh rāˈdər [key], 1876–1960, German admiral. As chief of staff to Admiral Franz von Hipper in World War I, he took part in the battles of Dogger Bank (1915…

Bayar, Celâl

(Encyclopedia) Bayar, CelâlBayar, Celâljĕlälˈ bäˈyär [key], 1884–1986, Turkish statesman. The son of a religious leader and teacher, Bayar joined the nationalist movement after the Young Turk…

Séguier, Pierre, duc de Villemor

(Encyclopedia) Séguier, Pierre, duc de VillemorSéguier, Pierre, duc de Villemorpyĕr sāgyāˈ dük də vēlmôrˈ [key], 1588–1672, chancellor of France. Beginning as counselor to the Parlement of Paris, he…

Kesselring, Albert

(Encyclopedia) Kesselring, AlbertKesselring, Albertälˈbĕrt kĕsˈəlrĭng [key], 1885–1960, German field marshal. An artillery staff officer in World War I, he later joined the air force and rapidly rose…

Mooney, Thomas J.

(Encyclopedia) Mooney, Thomas J., 1883–1942, American labor agitator, b. Chicago. He was an active leader in several violent labor struggles in California before 1916 and was convicted as a…

Savarkar, Vinayak Damodar

(Encyclopedia) Savarkar, Vinayak DamodarSavarkar, Vinayak Damodarvĭnäˈyək däˈmōdär səvärˈkər [key], 1883–1966, Indian nationalist. Educated in Pune, he was militantly anti-British and anti-Muslim. He…