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Le Gallienne, Eva

(Encyclopedia) Le Gallienne, EvaLe Gallienne, Evaləgălˈyən [key], 1899–1991, American actress, producer, director, and translator, b. London; daughter of poet Richard Le Gallienne. She made her debut…

Balmont, Konstantin Dmitrieyevich

(Encyclopedia) Balmont, Konstantin DmitrieyevichBalmont, Konstantin Dmitrieyevichkənstəntyēnˈ dəmēˈtrēəvĭch bälˈmônt [key], 1867–1943, Russian poet and translator. After first hailing the Bolshevik…

Andersson, Bibi

(Encyclopedia) Andersson, Bibi, 1935–2019, Swedish actress best known for her work with director Ingmar Bergman, b. Berit Elizabeth Andersson. Her films with Bergman included The Seventh Seal (1957…

Fry, Christopher

(Encyclopedia) Fry, Christopher, 1907–2005, English dramatist, b. Bristol as Christopher Fry Harris. Like his friend and mentor, T. S. Eliot, he was one of the few 20th-century dramatists to write…

Hauptmann, Gerhart

(Encyclopedia) Hauptmann, GerhartHauptmann, Gerhartgĕrˈhärt houptˈmän [key], 1862–1946, German dramatist, novelist, and poet. He showed the influence of the theories of Zola and the plays of Ibsen in…

Nathan, George Jean

(Encyclopedia) Nathan, George Jean, 1882–1958, American editor and drama critic, b. Fort Wayne, Ind. He left the New York Herald to join H. L. Mencken in editing Smart Set (1914–23), which they made…

Performing Arts Timeline

534 B.C.Thespis wins the first public contest for tragic poets in Greece, and the term thespian derives from his name. He also introduces masks, which become a staple of Greek and Roman…

Duse, Eleonora

(Encyclopedia) Duse, EleonoraDuse, Eleonorad&oomacr;ˈzə, Ital. ālāōnôˈrä d&oomacr;ˈzā [key], 1859–1924, Italian actress. From a theatrical family, she made a successful appearance at 14 as…

Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne

(Encyclopedia) Bjørnson, BjørnstjerneBjørnson, Bjørnstjernebyörnˈstyĕrnə byörnˈsōn [key], 1832–1910, Norwegian writer and political leader, one of the major figures of Norwegian literature. He was an…

tragedy

(Encyclopedia) tragedy, form of drama that depicts the suffering of a heroic individual who is often overcome by the very obstacles he is struggling to remove. The protagonist may be brought low by a…