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guild socialism

(Encyclopedia) guild socialism, form of socialism developed in Great Britain that advocated a system of industrial self-government through national worker-controlled guilds. The theory, as originated…

gold rush

(Encyclopedia) gold rush, influx of prospectors, merchants, adventurers, and others to newly discovered gold fields. One of the most famous of these stampedes in pursuit of riches was the California…

Hampton, Wade, Confederate general

(Encyclopedia) Hampton, Wade, 1818–1902, Confederate general in the American Civil War, b. Charleston, S.C.; grandson of Wade Hampton (c.1752–1835). Hampton, a wealthy planter, served (1852–61) in…

science fiction

(Encyclopedia) science fiction, literary genre in which a background of science or pseudoscience is an integral part of the story. Although science fiction is a form of fantastic literature, many of…

Cabinet Members Under Clinton

Secretary of State Warren M. Christopher, 1993Madeleine Albright, 1996Secretary of the Treasury Lloyd Bentsen, 1993Robert E. Rubin, 1995–1999Lawrence H. Summers, 1999Secretary of Defense Les…

Fonteyn, Dame Margot

(Encyclopedia) Fonteyn, Dame MargotFonteyn, Dame Margotfŏntānˈ [key], 1919–91, English ballerina. Fonteyn was for many years prima ballerina assoluta of the Royal Ballet. Her original name was…

Bellow, Saul

(Encyclopedia) Bellow, Saul, 1915–2005, American novelist, b. Lachine, Que., as Solomon Bellow, grad. Northwestern Univ., 1937. Born of Russian-Jewish parents, he grew up in the slums of Montreal and…

Cabinet Members Under Reagan

Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr., 1981George P. Shultz, 1982Secretary of the Treasury Donald T. Regan, 1981James A. Baker 3rd, 1985Nicholas F. Brady, 1988Secretary of Defense Caspar…