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Brunswick, former state, Germany

(Encyclopedia) BrunswickBrunswickbrŭnzˈwĭk [key], Ger. BraunschweigBrunswickbrounˈshfīk [key], former state, central Germany, surrounded by the former Prussian provinces of Saxony, Hanover, and…

Victoria, empress of Germany

(Encyclopedia) Victoria (Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa), 1840–1901, empress of Germany, daughter of Victoria of England. In 1858 she married the German crown prince (later Emperor Frederick III).…

Rapallo, Treaty of, 1922

(Encyclopedia) Rapallo, Treaty of, 1922, agreement signed by Germany and the USSR at Rapallo, Italy. It was reached by Walter Rathenau and G. V. Chicherin independently of the Conference of Genoa (…

Harz

(Encyclopedia) HarzHarzhärts [key], mountain range, northern Germany, extending c.60 mi (100 km) between the Elbe and Leine rivers. The rugged mountains were once densely forested. They culminate in…

Born, Max

(Encyclopedia) Born, Max, 1882–1970, British physicist, b. Germany, Ph.D. Univ. of Göttingen, 1907. He was head of the physics department at the Univ. of Göttingen from 1921 to 1933. When Nazi…

Mackenzie, Sir Morell

(Encyclopedia) Mackenzie, Sir Morell, 1837–92, English physician and laryngologist. A skillful surgeon, he was called to Germany to treat the crown prince (later Frederick III, emperor of Germany),…

Kiel

(Encyclopedia) KielKielkēl [key], city (1994 pop. 248,930), capital of Schleswig-Holstein, N central Germany, on Kiel Bay, an arm of the Baltic Sea. Situated at the head of the Kiel Canal, the city…

Berlin Wall

(Encyclopedia) Berlin Wall, 1961–89, a barrier first erected in Aug., 1961, by the East German government along the border between East and West Berlin, and later along the entire border between East…

Scheidemann, Philipp

(Encyclopedia) Scheidemann, PhilippScheidemann, Philippfēˈlĭp shīˈdəmän [key], 1865–1939, German Social Democratic leader. A member of the Reichstag from 1898, he became (1918) secretary of state…

Eder

(Encyclopedia) EderEderāˈdər [key], river, c.110 mi (180 km) long, rising near Siegen, central Germany, and flowing E to the Fulda River. The Eder dam, at Hemfurth, impounds one of the largest…