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Gérard, Jean Ignace Isidore

(Encyclopedia) Gérard, Jean Ignace IsidoreGérard, Jean Ignace IsidorezhäN ēnyäsˈ ēzēdôrˈ zhārärˈ [key], 1803–47, French caricaturist, illustrator, and lithographer, better known as Grandville. He is…

Ruiz, Juan

(Encyclopedia) Ruiz, JuanRuiz, Juanhwän r&oomacr;ēthˈ [key], 1283?–1350?, Spanish poet, musician, and archpriest of Hita. Ruiz suffered 13 years in prison, during which time he revised his…

Monnier, Henri

(Encyclopedia) Monnier, HenriMonnier, HenriäNrēˈ mônyāˈ [key], 1799–1877, French lithographer and writer. His work became popular (c.1825) when he illustrated La Fontaine's Fables with pen drawings.…

Iriarte, Tomás de

(Encyclopedia) Iriarte, Tomás deIriarte, Tomás detōmäsˈ dā ēryärˈtā [key], 1750–91, Spanish poet and dramatist, b. Canary Islands. He spent most of his life in Madrid, where, like many of his…

Oudry, Jean Baptiste

(Encyclopedia) Oudry, Jean BaptisteOudry, Jean BaptistezhäN bätēstˈ &oomacr;drēˈ [key], 1686–1755, French animal painter. A pupil of Largillière, he became court painter to Louis XV, recording…

Henryson, Robert

(Encyclopedia) Henryson, Robert, c.1425–c.1506, Scottish poet. It is thought that he was a schoolmaster at Dunfermline Abbey. His principal poem is The Testament of Cresseid, which was written as a…

Gellert, Christian Fürchtegott

(Encyclopedia) Gellert, Christian FürchtegottGellert, Christian Fürchtegottkrĭsˈtyän fürkhˈtəgôt gĕlˈərt [key], 1715–69, German poet and moralist. His best-known works are Fabeln und Erzählungen (…

Doré, Gustave

(Encyclopedia) Doré, GustaveDoré, Gustavegüstävˈ dôrāˈ [key], 1832–83, French illustrator, engraver, painter, and sculptor. He is best known for his highly imaginative and dramatic illustrations. At…

Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail Evgrafovich

(Encyclopedia) Saltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail EvgrafovichSaltykov-Shchedrin, Mikhail Evgrafovichmēkhəyēlˈ yĭvgräˈfəvĭch sälˈtĭkôf-shchĕˈdrēn [key], 1826–89, Russian novelist and satirist. Saltykov-…

Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier de

(Encyclopedia) Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier deFontenelle, Bernard le Bovier debĕrnärˈ lə bōvyāˈ də fôNtənĕl [key], 1657–1757, French writer; nephew of Corneille. His forte was the interpretation of…