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Liotard, Jean-Étienne

(Encyclopedia) Liotard, Jean-ÉtienneLiotard, Jean-ÉtiennezhäN ātyĕnˈ lyôtärˈ [key], 1702–89, Swiss painter. He is best known for his portraits and drawings in pastel, but he also made portraits in…

Parent, Étienne

(Encyclopedia) Parent, ÉtienneParent, Étienneātyĕnˈ päräNˈ [key], 1801–74, French Canadian journalist and government official, b. Quebec prov. As editor of the Canadien he had a commanding position…

sensationalism

(Encyclopedia) sensationalism, in philosophy, the theory that there are no innate ideas and that knowledge is derived solely from the sense data of experience. The idea was discussed by Greek…

Gérard, Étienne Maurice

(Encyclopedia) Gérard, Étienne MauriceGérard, Étienne Mauriceātyĕnˈ môrēsˈ zhārärˈ [key], 1773–1852, French army officer. He fought with distinction in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars,…

Grellet, Stephen

(Encyclopedia) Grellet, StephenGrellet, Stephengrĕlĕtˈ [key], 1773–1855, Quaker missionary, b. France; son of well-to-do Roman Catholic parents. His name originally was Étienne de Grellet du…

Innocent VI

(Encyclopedia) Innocent VI, d. 1362, pope (1352–62), a Frenchman named Étienne Aubert; successor of Clement VI. He was a well-known jurist and was created cardinal in 1342. He lived at Avignon. He…

Étienne

(Encyclopedia) Étienne, family of printers: see Estienne.

Championnet, Jean Étienne

(Encyclopedia) Championnet, Jean ÉtienneChampionnet, Jean ÉtiennezhäN ātyĕnˈ shäNpyônĕˈ [key], 1762–1800, French general in the French Revolutionary Wars. Placed in command of the Army of Rome in…

Geoffroy, Étienne François

(Encyclopedia) Geoffroy, Étienne FrançoisGeoffroy, Étienne Françoisātyĕnˈ fräNswäˈ zhôfrwäˈ [key], 1672–1731, French physician and chemist, also known as Geoffroy the Elder. He became a pharmacist in…

Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandre

(Encyclopedia) Macdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph AlexandreMacdonald, Jacques Étienne Joseph Alexandrezhäk ātyĕnˈzhôzĕfˈ älĕksäNˈdrə mäkdônälˈ [key], 1765–1840, marshal of France, of Scottish descent…