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encomienda

(Encyclopedia) encomiendaencomiendaānkōmyānˈdä [key] [Span. encomendar=to entrust], system of tributory labor established in Spanish America. Developed as a means of securing an adequate and cheap…

repartimiento

(Encyclopedia) repartimientorepartimientorāpärtēmyĕnˈtō [key], in Spanish colonial practice, usually, the distribution of indigenous people for forced labor. In a broader sense it referred to any…

Mixtón War

(Encyclopedia) Mixtón WarMixtón Warmēstōnˈ [key], 1541, revolt of indigenous peoples against Spanish rule in Nueva Galicia, W Mexico. The conquest under Nuño de Guzmán had been particularly harsh and…

peonage

(Encyclopedia) peonagepeonagepēˈənĭj [key], system of involuntary servitude based on the indebtedness of the laborer (the peon) to his creditor. It was prevalent in Spanish America, especially in…

ejido

(Encyclopedia) ejidoejidoāhēˈᵺō [key] [Span.,=common land], in Mexico, agricultural land expropriated from large private holdings and redistributed to communal farms. Communal ownership of land had…

The Charges Against Columbus

A controversy of historic proportion The Landing of Columbus by John Vanderlyn (1847)Within the last half century, many historians have come to criticize Columbus's legacy and question whether he…

Las Casas, Bartolomé de

(Encyclopedia) Las Casas, Bartolomé deLas Casas, Bartolomé debärtōlōmāˈ dā läs käˈsäs [key], 1474–1566, Spanish missionary and historian, called the apostle of the Indies. He went to Hispaniola with…

Santo Domingo, former Spanish colony

(Encyclopedia) Santo DomingoSanto Domingosänˈtō dōmēngˈgō [key], former Spanish colony on the island of Hispaniola. The name has also been used for the Dominican Republic, and in early days it…

Pizarro, Francisco

(Encyclopedia) Pizarro, FranciscoPizarro, Franciscopĭzäˈrō, Span. fränthēsˈkō pēthärˈrō [key], c.1476–1541, Spanish conquistador, conqueror of Peru. Born in Trujillo, he was an illegitimate son of a…

Ecuador Department of State Background

U.S. Department of State Background Note Ecuador Index: People Economy U.S.-Ecuadorian Relations PEOPLE Ecuador's population is ethnically mixed. The largest ethnic groups are indigenous…